The Building Regulations 2000
Electrical safety  dwellings
APPROVED DOCUMENT P
P1 Design and installation of electrical installations
Coming into effect 6 April 2006
Building Regulations 2000
APPROVED DOCUMENT P
Electrical safety  dwellings
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2006 edition
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Contents
PAGE PAGE
Use of guidance 3 Section 2: Material alterations and
material changes of use 13
The Approved Documents 3
Limitation on requirements 3 Section 3: Information about
other legislation 14
Materials and workmanship 3
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 14
Mixed use development 4
Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)
Regulations 2002 14
Regulations 1992 4
Functionality requirements 14
The Requirements 5
Appendix A: Examples of electrical
Section 0: General guidance 7 installation diagrams 15
Performance 7
Appendix B: Copies of BS 7671
General 7 and IEE model forms 20
Definitions 7
Appendix C: Older practice that can be
Other regulations 7 encountered in alteration work 35
Notification of work 7
Appendix D: New harmonised cable
identification colours 40
Section 1: Design, installation,
inspection and testing, and provision
Appendix E: Competent person
of information 10
self-certification schemes 41
General 10
Standards referred to 42
Design and construction 10
General 10 Other publications referred to 43
Protection against flooding 10
Accessibility 10
Inspection and testing before taking
into service 10
General 10
BS 7671 certificates for all
electrical work 10
Building Regulations compliance
certificates/final notices for
notifiable work 11
Certification of notifiable work 11
a. Where the installer is registered
with a Part P competent person
self-certification scheme 11
b. Where the installer is not registered
with a Part P competent person
scheme but qualified to complete
BS 7671 certificates 11
c. Where installers are not qualified
to complete BS 7671 certificates 11
Third party certification 12
Inspection and testing of
non-notifiable work 12
Provision of information 12
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 P
Use of guidance
THE APPROVED DOCUMENTS LIMITATION ON REQUIREMENTS
This document is one of a series that has been In accordance with regulation 8, the requirements
approved and issued by the Secretary of State in Parts A to D, F to K, N and P (except for
for the purpose of providing practical guidance paragraphs H2 and J6) of Schedule 1 to the
with respect to the requirements of Schedule 1 Building Regulations do not require anything
to and regulation 7 of the Building Regulations to be done except for the purpose of securing
2000 (SI 2000/2531) for England and Wales. reasonable standards of health and safety for
SI 2000/2531 has been amended by the Building persons in or about buildings (and any others
(Amendment) Regulations 2001 (SI 2001/3335), who may be affected by buildings or matters
the Building (Amendment) Regulations 2002 connected with buildings). This is one of the
(SI 2002/440), the Building (Amendment) (No 2) categories of purpose for which Building
Regulations 2002 (SI 2002/2871), the Building Regulations may be made.
(Amendment) Regulations 2003 (SI 2003/2692),
Paragraphs H2 and J6 are excluded from
the Building (Amendment) Regulations 2004 (SI
regulation 8 because they deal directly with
2004/1465) and the Building (Amendment) (No 3)
prevention of the contamination of water. Parts E
Regulations 2004 (SI 2004/3210) and the Building
and M (which deal, respectively, with resistance
and Approved Inspectors (Amendment)
to the passage of sound, and access to and use
Regulations 2006 (SI 2006/652).
of buildings) are excluded from regulation 8
At the back of this document is a list of all the because they address the welfare and convenience
documents that have been approved and issued of building users. Part L is excluded from
by the Secretary of State for this purpose. regulation 8 because it addresses the conservation
of fuel and power. All these matters are amongst
Approved Documents are intended to provide
the purposes, other than health and safety, that
guidance for some of the more common building
may be addressed by Building Regulations.
situations. However, there may well be alternative
ways of achieving compliance with the
requirements. Thus there is no obligation to MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP
adopt any particular solution contained in an
Any building work which is subject to the
Approved Document if you prefer to meet the
requirements imposed by Schedule 1 to the
relevant requirement in some other way.
Building Regulations should, in accordance with
regulation 7, be carried out with proper materials
Supplementary guidance
and in a workmanlike manner.
The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister
You may show that you have complied with
occasionally issues additional material to aid
regulation 7 in a number of ways. These include
interpretation of the guidance contained in
the appropriate use of a product bearing CE
Approved Documents. This material may be
marking in accordance with the Construction
conveyed in official letters to Chief Executives of
Products Directive (89/106/EEC)1, the Low
Local Authorities and Approved Inspectors and/
Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC and amendment
or posted on the websites accessed through:
93/68/EEC)2 and the EMC Directive (89/336/
http://www.odpm.gov.uk/building-regulations.
EEC)3, as amended by the CE marking Directive
(93/68/EEC)4, or a product complying with an
Other requirements
appropriate technical specification (as defined
The guidance contained in an Approved Document in those Directives), a British Standard, or an
relates only to the particular requirements of the alternative national technical specification of
Regulations which the document addresses. The any state which is a contracting party to the
building work will also have to comply with any European Economic Area which, in use, is
other relevant requirements in Schedule 1 to the equivalent, or a product covered by a national
Regulations. or European certificate issued by a European
Technical Approval issuing body, and the
There are Approved Documents which give
conditions of use are in accordance with the
guidance on each of the Parts of Schedule 1
terms of the certificate. You will find further
and on Regulation 7.
guidance in the Approved Document supporting
regulation 7 on materials and workmanship.
1
As implemented by the Construction Products Regulations 1991
(SI 1620/1991).
2
As implemented by the Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations 1994
(SI 3260/1994).
3
As implemented by the Electromagnetic Compatibility Regulations 1992
(SI 2372/1992).
4
As implemented by the Construction Products (Amendment) Regulations
1994 (SI 3051/1994) and the Electromagnetic Compatibility
(Amendment) Regulations 1994 (SI 3080/1994).
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P USE OF GUIDANCE
Independent certification schemes THE WORKPLACE (HEALTH,
There are many UK product certification schemes. SAFETY AND WELFARE)
Such schemes certify compliance with the
REGULATIONS 1992
requirements of a recognised document which is
appropriate to the purpose for which the material
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)
is to be used. Materials which are not so certified
Regulations 1992 as amended contain some
may still conform to a relevant standard.
requirements which affect building design.
The main requirements are now covered by the
Many certification bodies which approve such
Building Regulations, but for further information
schemes are accredited by UKAS.
see: Workplace health, safety and welfare:
Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations
Technical specifications
1992, Approved Code of Practice, L24, HMSO,
Under section 1(1) of the Building Act 1984, 1992 (ISBN 0 7176 0413 6).
Building Regulations may be made for various
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)
purposes including health, safety, welfare,
Regulations 1992 apply to the common parts
convenience, conservation of fuel and power and
of flats and similar buildings if people such as
prevention of waste or contamination of water,
cleaners and caretakers are employed to work
furthering the protection or enhancement of the
in these common parts. Where the requirements
environment, facilitating sustainable development
of the Building Regulations that are covered by
or the prevention and detection of crime. Standards
this Part do not apply to buildings other than
and technical approvals are relevant guidance to
dwellings, the provisions may still be required in
the extent that they relate to these considerations.
the situations described above in order to satisfy
However, they may also address other aspects
the Workplace Regulations.
of performance such as serviceability, or aspects
which, although they relate to the purposes listed
above, are not covered by the current Regulations.
When an Approved Document makes reference
to a named standard, the relevant version of
the standard is the one listed at the end of the
publication. However, if this version has been
revised or updated by the issuing standards
body, the new version may be used as a source
of guidance provided it continues to address the
relevant requirements of the Regulations.
The appropriate use of a product which complies
with a European Technical Approval as defined in
the Construction Products Directive will meet the
relevant requirements.
The Office intends to issue periodic amendments
to its Approved Documents to reflect emerging
harmonised European Standards. Where a national
standard is to be replaced by a European
harmonised standard, there will be a co-existence
period during which either standard may be
referred to. At the end of the co-existence period
the national standard will be withdrawn.
MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT
In mixed use developments part of a building
may be used as a dwelling while another part
has a non-domestic use. In such cases, if the
requirements of the Regulations for dwellings
and non-domestic use differ, the requirements
for non-domestic use should apply in any shared
parts of the building.
Electrical safety  dwellings Approved Document P
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ELECTRICAL SAFETY P
The Requirements
This Approved Document, which takes effect on
6 April 2006, deals with the requirements of Part P
of Schedule 1 to the Building Regulations 2000
(as amended by SI 2004/3210 and SI 2006/652).
Requirement Limits on application
PART P ELECTRICAL SAFETY
Design and installation The requirements of this part apply only to electrical installations
that are intended to operate at low or extra-low voltage and are:
P1. Reasonable provision shall be made in the design and
installation of electrical installations in order to protect persons (a) in or attached to a dwelling;
operating, maintaining or altering the installations from fire
(b) in the common parts of a building serving one or more
or injury.
dwellings, but excluding power supplies to lifts;
(c) in a building that receives its electricity from a source
located within or shared with a dwelling; and
(d) in a garden or in or on land associated with a building
where the electricity is from a source located within or shared
with a dwelling.
NOTES
Interaction with other Parts of the
Examples of application of Part P
Building Regulations
Part P applies to electrical installations in or
attached to buildings or parts of buildings
Other Parts of Schedule 1 to the Building
comprising:
Regulations contain requirements affecting
electrical installations. Examples include, but
" dwelling houses and flats;
are not limited to:
" dwellings and business premises that have
" Part A (Structure): depth of chases in walls,
a common supply  for example shops and
and size of holes and notches in floor and
public houses with a flat above;
roof joists;
" common access areas in blocks of flats such
" Part B (Fire safety): fire safety of certain
as corridors and staircases;
electrical installations; provision of fire alarm
" shared amenities of blocks of flats such as
and fire detection systems; fire resistance of
laundries and gymnasiums.
penetrations through floors and walls;
Part P applies also to parts of the above
" Part C (Site preparation and resistance to
electrical installations:
moisture): moisture resistance of cable
penetrations through external walls;
" in or on land associated with the buildings 
for example Part P applies to fixed lighting
" Part E (Resistance to the passage of sound):
and pond pumps in gardens;
penetrations through floors and walls;
" in outbuildings such as sheds, detached
" Part L (Conservation of fuel and power):
garages and greenhouses.
energy efficient lighting; reduced current-
carrying capacity of cables in insulation;
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P ELECTRICAL SAFETY
" Part M (Access to and use of buildings):
height of socket outlets, switches and
.
consumer units.
Further guidance is available in:
" the Electrician s guide to the Building
Regulations, published by the IEE (Institution
of Electrical Engineers), available from
www.iee.org
" the Electrical Installers Guide to the Building
Regulations published by the NICEIC Group
Limited and the ECA (Electrical Contractors
Association), available from www.niceic.org.uk
or www.eca.co.uk.
Regulation 4(2) states that, on completion of
electrical installation work, the building (and parts
of the electrical installations in the building that
were not the subject of work) should be no worse
in terms of the level of compliance with the other
applicable Parts of Schedule 1 to the Building
Regulations than before the work was undertaken.
For example, one or more perforations of a ceiling
lining beneath a floor  made to accommodate
recessed lighting or similar fittings  may have an
adverse effect on that floor s performance in terms
of its resistance to fire and sound penetration. Due
regard should therefore be paid to the guidance in
Approved Documents B and E on the performance
of compartment floors.
Regulation 4(2) also means that, when extending
or altering an installation, only the new work
must meet current requirements and there is no
obligation to upgrade the existing installation
unless the new work would adversely affect the
safety of the existing installation, or the state of
the existing installation was such that the new
work could not be operated safely, or where there
is a requirement to upgrade imposed by the
energy efficiency requirements of the Building
Regulations.
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 P
Section 0: General guidance
Kitchen is defined in the Building Regulations as
Performance
 a room or part of a room which contains a sink
0.1 In the Secretary of State s view, the
and food preparation facilities .
requirements will be met by adherence to the
As a guide only, in open plan areas the zone of
 Fundamental Principles for achieving safety given
a kitchen may be considered to extend from
in BS 7671:2001 Chapter 13. To achieve these
the edge of the sink to a distance of 3m or to
requirements electrical installations must be:
a nearer dividing wall.
a. designed and installed to afford appropriate
protection against mechanical and thermal
Other Regulations
damage, and so that they do not present
0.5 Electrical work is also affected by the
electric shock and fire hazards to people;
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 as amended
b. suitably inspected and tested to verify that
and the Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity
they meet the relevant equipment and
Regulations 2002 as amended, as described in
installation standards.
paragraphs 3.1 to 3.13.
General
Notification of work
0.2 A way of satisfying the fundamental
When necessary to involve building
principles would be to follow:
control bodies
a. the technical rules described in the body
0.6 Except in the circumstances outlined in
of BS 7671:2001 as amended or in an
paragraph 0.7 below, notification of proposals to
equivalent standard approved by a member
carry out electrical installation work must be given
of the EEA; and
to a building control body (the local authority or
b. guidance given in installation manuals that
an approved inspector) before work begins.
are consistent with BS 7671:2001, such as:
When not necessary to involve building
i. the IEE (Institution of Electrical Engineers)
control bodies
On-Site Guide;
0.7 It is not necessary to give prior notification
ii. the series of IEE Publications, Guidance
of proposals to carry out electrical installation
Notes Nos 1 to 7.
work to building control bodies in the following
circumstances:
0.3 The diagrams in Appendix A give an
indication of the sorts of electrical services
a. The proposed installation work is undertaken
encountered in dwellings, some of the ways
by a person registered with an electrical self-
they can be connected and the complexity of
certification scheme prescribed in regulations
the wiring and protective systems necessary
(see schedule 2A of the Regulations). In these
to supply them. They are not an indication
cases the person is responsible for ensuring
of the scope of Part P and must not be used
compliance with BS 7671:2001 or an
for installation purposes.
equivalent standard and all relevant building
regulations requirements. A full list of schemes
Definitions
with contact details is given in Appendix E.
0.4 The following meanings apply throughout
OR
this document:
b. The proposed electrical installation work is
Electrical installation is defined in the Building
non-notifiable work of the type described in
Regulations as fixed electrical cables or fixed
Table 1 and does not include the provision of
electrical equipment located on the consumer s
a new circuit (see schedule 2B of the
side of the electricity supply meter.
Regulations).
Extra-low voltage is defined in the Building
Regulations as voltage not exceeding 50 volts
between conductors and earth for alternating
current or 120 volts between conductors for
direct current.
Low voltage which normally exceeds extra-low
voltage is defined in the Building Regulations as
not exceeding 1000 volts between conductors or
600 volts between conductors and earth for
alternating current; or 1500 volts between
conductors or 900 volts between conductors and
earth for direct current.
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P GENERAL GUIDANCE
Table 1 Work that need not be notified to building control bodies
Work consisting of:
Replacing any fixed electrical equipment (for example, socket-outlets, control switches and ceiling roses) which does not include the
provision of any new fixed cabling
Replacing the cable for a single circuit only, where damaged, for example, by fire, rodent or impact (a)
Re-fixing or replacing the enclosures of existing installation components (b)
Providing mechanical protection to existing fixed installations (c)
Installing or upgrading main or supplementary equipotential bonding (d)
Work that is not in a kitchen or special location and does not involve a special installation (e) and consists of:
Adding lighting points (light fittings and switches) to an existing circuit (f)
Adding socket-outlets and fused spurs to an existing ring or radial circuit (f)
Work not in a special location, on:
Telephone or extra-low voltage wiring and equipment for the purposes of communications, information technology, signalling, control
and similar purposes
Prefabricated equipment sets and associated flexible leads with integral plug and socket connections
Notes:
(a) On condition that the replacement cable has the same current-carrying capacity and follows the same route.
(b) If the circuit s protective measures are unaffected.
(c) If the circuit s protective measures and current-carrying capacity of conductors are unaffected by increased thermal insulation.
(d) Such work will need to comply with other applicable legislation, such as the Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations.
(e) Special locations and installations are listed in Table 2.
(f) Only if the existing circuit protective device is suitable and provides protection for the modified circuit, and other relevant safety provisions are
satisfactory.
Table 2 Special locations and installations(a)
Special locations
Locations containing a bath tub or shower basin
Swimming pools or paddling pools
Hot air saunas
Special installations
Electric floor or ceiling heating systems
Garden lighting or power installations
Solar photovoltaic (PV) power supply systems
Small scale generators such as microCHP units
Extra-low voltage lighting installations, other than pre-assembled, CE-marked lighting sets
Note:
(a) See IEE Guidance Note 7 which gives more guidance on achieving safe installations where risks to people are greater.
c. Consumer unit replacements are, however,
Additional notes
notifiable.
Tables 1 and 2 above give the general rules for
d. In large bathrooms, the location containing
determining whether or not electrical installation
a bath or shower is defined by the walls of
work is notifiable. The rules are based on the risk
the bathroom.
of fire and injury and what is practicable. The
following notes provide additional guidance and
e. Conservatories and attached garages are not
specific examples:
special locations. Work in them is therefore
not notifiable unless it involves the installation
a. Notifiable jobs include new circuits back to
of a new circuit or the extension of a circuit in
the consumer unit, and extensions to circuits
a kitchen or special location or associated
in kitchens and special locations (bathrooms,
with a special installation.
etc) and associated with special installations
(garden lighting and power installations, etc).
f. Detached garages and sheds are not special
locations. Work within them is notifiable only
b. Replacement, repair and maintenance jobs
if it involves new outdoor wiring.
are generally not notifiable, even if carried out
in a kitchen or special location or associated
with a special installation.
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GENERAL GUIDANCE P
g. Outdoor lighting and power installations are
special installations. Any new work in, for
example, the garden or that involves crossing
the garden is notifiable.
h. The installation of fixed equipment is within
the scope of Part P, even where the final
connection is by a 13A plug and socket.
However, work is notifiable only if it involves
fixed wiring and the installation of a new
circuit or the extension of a circuit in a kitchen
or special location or associated with a
special installation.
i. The installation of equipment attached to the
outside wall of a house (for example security
lighting, air conditioning equipment and radon
fans) is not notifiable provided that there are
no exposed outdoor connections and the
work does not involve the installation of a
new circuit or the extension of a circuit in a
kitchen or special location or associated with
a special installation.
j. The installation of a socket outlet on an
external wall is notifiable, since the socket-
outlet is an outdoor connector that could be
connected to cables that cross the garden
and requires RCD protection.
k. The installation of prefabricated,  modular
systems (for example kitchen lighting systems
and armoured garden cabling) linked by plug
and socket connectors is not notifiable,
provided that products are CE-marked and
that any final connections in kitchens and
special locations are made to existing
connection units or points (possibly a 13A
socket outlet).
l. Work to connect an electric gate or garage
door to an existing isolator is not notifiable,
but installation of the circuit up to the isolator
is notifiable.
m. The fitting and replacement of cookers and
electric showers is not notifiable unless a new
circuit is needed.
n. New central heating control wiring installations
are notifiable even where work in kitchens
and bathrooms is avoided.
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P
Section 1: Design, installation, inspection
and testing, and provision of information
BS 7671 installation certificates
General
1.8 In general, compliance with Part P can be
1.1 Where electrical installation work is to be
demonstrated by the issue of the appropriate
carried out professionally, compliance is necessary
BS 7671 electrical installation certificate.
with the Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 as
amended.
1.9 Inspection and testing should be carried
out to follow the procedures in Chapters 71 and
1.2 In accordance with the Electricity Safety,
74 of BS 7671:2001, and a copy of the appropriate
Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002 and the
installation certificate should be supplied to the
contract for a mains supply, proposals for new
person ordering the work. The electrical installation
installations of a mains supply or significant
certificate must be made out and signed only by
alterations to an existing mains supply must
someone  qualified to do so. Where this is the
be agreed with the electricity distributor.
case, a safety certificate should be issued for all
but the simplest of like-for-like replacements.
Design and installation
1.10  Qualified in this context means having
General
the appropriate qualifications, knowledge and
experience to carry out the inspection and testing
1.3 Electrical installations should be designed
procedures and complete the relevant electrical
and constructed, suitably enclosed and separated
installation certificate.
by appropriate distances to provide mechanical
and thermal protection, so that they afford
1.11 The certificate should show that the
appropriate protection for persons against the
electrical installation work has been:
risks of electric shock, burn or fire injuries.
a. Inspected appropriately during erection as
1.4 A way of complying is to follow the
well as on completion to verify that the
technical rules in BS 7671:2001 as amended
components are:
or an equivalent standard.
i. made in compliance with appropriate
Protection against flooding
British Standards or harmonised
European Standards;
1.5 The Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity
Regulations 2002 require the electricity distributor
ii. selected and installed in accordance with
to install the cut-out and meter in a safe location,
BS 7671:2001 (including consideration of
where they are mechanically protected and can
external influences such as the presence
be safely maintained. In compliance with this
of moisture);
requirement, the electricity distributor and installer
iii. not visibly damaged or defective so as to
may be required to take into account the risk of
be unsafe.
flooding. Some guidance is given in the ODPM
publication Preparing for flooding, available from
b. Tested appropriately to check satisfactory
www.odpm.gov.uk.
performance in relation to continuity of
conductors, insulation resistance, separation
Accessibility
of circuits, polarity, earthing and bonding
arrangements, earth fault loop impedance and
1.6 Wall-mounted socket-outlets, switches
functionality of all protective devices including
and consumer units should be located so that
residual current devices. It is not necessary to
they are easily reachable where this is necessary
carry out all these tests for each and every
to comply with Part M of the Building Regulations.
installation, only those which are needed to
Approved Document M shows ways of complying.
establish whether the installation is safe.
Accessible consumer units should comply with
BS EN 60439-3.
1.12 Appendix 6 of BS 7671 and Appendix B of
this Approved Document contain models of the
Inspection and testing before
various BS 7671 certificates. Qualified installers
should use the one appropriate to the work they
taking into service
have carried out.
General
1.13 BS 7671 does not insist on a Minor Works
1.7 Electrical installations should be inspected Certificate being issued for the replacement of
and tested as necessary and appropriate during equipment such as accessories or luminaires, but
and at the end of installation, before they are advises that this should be done where appropriate
taken into service, to verify that they are safe to inspection and testing has been carried out,
use, maintain and alter and comply with Part P irrespective of the extent of the work undertaken.
of the Building Regulations and with any other The Minor Works Certificate is not appropriate
relevant Parts of the Building Regulations. for the replacement of consumer units or similar
items, for which the full Electrical Installation
Certificate should be used.
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DESIGN, INSTALLATION, INSPECTION AND TESTING P
1.14 Section 712 of BS 7671:2001 provides a b. Where the installer is not registered with a
list of all the inspections that may be necessary Part P competent person self-certification
although in particular cases only some elements scheme but qualified to complete BS 7671
will be relevant. A schedule of inspections forms installation certificates
part of the Electrical Installation Certificate in
1.21 Where notifiable electrical installer work
Appendix 6 of BS 7671 and in this Approved
is carried out by a person not registered with a
Document at Appendix B.
Part P competent person self-certification the
1.15 Section 713 of BS 7671:2001 provides work should be notified to a building control
a list of all the tests that may be necessary body (the local authority or an approved
although, again, in particular cases only some inspector) before work starts. Where the work is
elements may be relevant. A blank schedule necessary because of an emergency the building
for recording test results also forms part of the control body should be notified as soon as
Electrical Installation Certificate. Tests should possible. The building control body becomes
be carried out using appropriate and accurate responsible for making sure the work is safe
instruments under the conditions given in BS and complies with all relevant requirements of
7671, and the results compared with the relevant the Building Regulations.
performance criteria to confirm compliance.
1.22 Where installers are qualified to carry
1.16 The Minor Works Certificate lists six out inspection and testing and completing the
essential tests for additions and alterations that appropriate BS 7671 installation certificate, they
do not include the provision of a new circuit. should do so. A copy of the certificate should
Appropriate tests should be carried out depending then be given to the building control body. The
on the nature of the work. building control body will take this certificate into
account in deciding what further action (if any)
Building Regulations compliance certificates/
needs to be taken to make sure that the work
notices for notifiable work
is safe and complies fully with all relevant
requirements. Building control bodies may ask for
1.17 A Building Regulations compliance
evidence that installers are qualified in this case.
certificate (issued by Part P competent person
scheme installers), completion certificates (issued
1.23 Where the building control body decides
by local authorities) and final notices (issued
that the work is safe and meets all building
by approved inspectors) are evidence that
regulation requirements it will issue a building
compliance with the Building Regulations has
regulation completion certificate (the local
been achieved, and are issued on completion of
authority) on request or a final certificate (an
notifiable works only. They are different documents
approved inspector).
than a BS 7671 installation certificate and attest
c. Where installers are not qualified to
compliance with all relevant requirements of the
complete BS 7671 completion certificates
Building Regulations, not just Part P.
1.24 Where such installers (who may be
Certification of notifiable work
contractors or DIYers) carry out notifiable electrical
work, the building control body must be notified
a. Where the installer is registered with a Part P
before the work starts. Where the work is
competent person self-certification scheme
necessary because of an emergency the building
1.18 Installers registered with a Part P competent
control body should be notified as soon as possible.
person self-certification scheme are qualified to
The building control body then becomes
complete BS 7671 installation certificates and
responsible for making sure that the work is safe
should do so in respect of every job they undertake.
and complies with all relevant requirements in
A copy of the certificate should always be given to
the Building Regulations.
the person ordering the electrical installation work.
1.25 The amount of inspection and testing
1.19 Where Installers registered with Part P
needed is for the building control body to decide,
competent person self-certification scheme, a
based on the nature and extent of the electrical
Building Regulations compliance certificate must
work. For relatively simple notifiable jobs, such
be issued to the occupant either by the installer
as adding a socket-outlet to a kitchen circuit,
or the installer s registration body within 30 days
the inspection and testing requirements will be
of the work being completed. The relevant building
minimal. For a house re-wire, a full set of inspections
control body should also receive a copy of the
and tests may need to be carried out.
information on the certificate within 30 days.
1.26 The building control body may choose to
1.20 The Regulations call for the Building
carry out the inspection and testing itself, or to
Regulations compliance certificate to be issued
contract out some or all of the work to a specialist
to the occupier. However, in the case of rented
body which will then carry out the work on its
properties, the certificate may be sent to the
behalf. Building control bodies will carry out the
person ordering the work with a copy sent also
necessary inspection and testing at their
to the occupant.
expense, not at the householders expense.
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P DESIGN, INSTALLATION, INSPECTION AND TESTING
1.27 A building control body will not issue a 1.34 The information should comprise items
BS 7671 installation certificate (as these can be called for by BS 7671:2001 or an equivalent
issued only by those carrying out the work), but standard and other appropriate information
only a Building Regulations completion certificate including:
(the local authority) or a final certificate (an
a. electrical installation certificates describing
approved inspector).
the installation and giving details of work
carried out;
Third party certification
b. permanent labels, for example on earth
1.28 Unregistered installers should not
connections and bonds, and on items of
themselves arrange for a third party to carry
electrical equipment such as consumer units
out final inspection and testing. The third party 
and RCDs;
not having supervised the work from the
outset  would not be in a position to verify
c. operating instructions and log books;
that the installation work complied fully with
d. for unusually large or complex installations
BS 7671:2001 requirements. An electrical
only, detailed plans.
installation certificate can be issued only by the
installer responsible for the installation work.
1.29 A third party could only sign a BS 7671:2001
Periodic Inspection Report or similar. The Report
would indicate that electrical safety tests had
been carried out on the installation which met
BS 7671:2001 criteria, but it could not verify that
the installation complied fully with BS 7671:2001
requirements  for example with regard to routing
of hidden cables.
Inspection and testing of
non-notifiable work
1.30 Non-notifiable electrical installation work
must also be carried out in accordance with the
requirements of BS 7671:2001 or an equivalent
standard. However, it is not necessary for the
work to be checked by a building control body or
alternatively carried out by an installer registered
with a Part P competent person self-certification
scheme.
1.31 Local authorities, however, can take
enforcement action if non-notifiable work  for
example electrical work which is part of a wider
project  is found to be unsafe and non-compliant.
1.32 Those qualified to complete BS 7671
installation certificates who carry out non-
notifiable work should issue the appropriate
electrical installation certificate for all but the
simplest of like-for-like replacements. DIYers may
wish to employ a qualified third party to carry out
inspection and testing of non-notifiable work to
make sure it is safe. The qualified person need
not necessarily be registered with a Part P
competent person scheme self-certification
scheme but, as required by BS 7671, must be
qualified in respect of the inspection and testing
of an installation.
Provision of information
1.33 Sufficient information should be left with
the occupant to ensure that persons wishing to
operate, maintain or alter an electrical installation
can do so with reasonable safety.
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 P
Section 2: Extensions, material alterations
and material changes of use
2.1 Where any electrical installation work is
classified as an extension, a material alteration
or a material change of use, the addition and
alteration work must include:
a. such works on the existing fixed electrical
installation in the building as are necessary to
enable the additions and alterations, the circuits
which feed them, the protective measures and
the relevant earthing and bonding systems to
meet the requirements; and
b. establishing that the mains supply equipment
is suitable.
2.2 A way of complying would be to follow
for the new work the guidance given above in
Section 1 in relation to design, construction and
inspection and testing and to show that for the
altered circumstances:
a. the rating and the condition of the existing
equipment belonging to both the consumer
and to the electricity distributor:
i. can carry the additional loads being
allowed for, or
ii. are improved so that they can carry the
additional loads being allowed for; and
b. the correct protective measures are used; and
c. the earthing and equipotential bonding
arrangements are satisfactory.
2.3 In accordance with Regulation 4(2), the
whole of the existing installation does not need
to be upgraded to current standards, but only to
the extent necessary for the new work to meet
current standards except where upgrading is
required by the energy efficiency requirements
of the Building Regulations.
2.4 Appendix C offers guidance on some of
the types of older installations that might be
encountered in alteration work.
2.5 Appendix D offers guidance on applying
the harmonised European cable identification
system when making additions and alterations
to existing installations.
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P
Section 3: Information about other legislation
for safety reasons), to maintain the supply within
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
defined tolerance limits and to provide certain
3.1 All electrical installations must be
technical and safety information to consumers
accommodated in ways that meet the requirements
to enable them to design their installations.
of the Building Regulations. However electrical
3.9 Distributors and meter operators must
installations carried out by persons on whom
ensure that their equipment on consumers
duties are imposed by the Electricity at Work
premises is suitable for its purpose and safe in
Regulations 1989 must meet the requirements
its particular environment and that the polarity
of those Regulations.
of conductors is clearly indicated.
3.2 The advice given below reflects the present
3.10 The Regulations allow the Secretary of
state of the Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
State to issue safety enforcement notices to
following amendments by Statutory Instruments
consumers in circumstances where consumers
1996/192, 1997/1993 and 1999/2024.
installations outside buildings present a danger
3.3 Regulation 3 imposes duties on employers,
to the public.
employees and the self-employed. Regulation
3.11 In relation to  embedded generation5, the
3(2)(b) places duties on employees equivalent to
Regulations require persons operating  switched
those placed on employers and self-employed
alternative sources of energy in their installations
persons where there are matters within their control.
to prevent a parallel connection occurring with
3.4 The text of the Electricity at Work Regulations
the distributor s network and to comply with BS
and guidance on how to comply with them are
7671. Sources of energy that operate in parallel
contained in the Health and Safety guidance
with the distributor s network must meet certain
document  Memorandum of Guidance on the
additional safety standards: for example the
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989  HSR25 .
equipment must not be a source of danger or
Important elements of the Regulations include:
cause interference with the distributor s network.
Persons installing domestic combined heat and
a. The Electricity at Work Regulations require
power equipment must advise the local distributor
that electrical work is only carried out by
of their intentions before or at the time of
persons that are competent to prevent
commissioning the source.
danger and injury while doing it, or who are
appropriately supervised (Regulation 16).
3.12 Distributors are prevented by the Regulations
from connecting installations to their networks
b. The Electricity at Work Regulations set general
which do not comply with BS 7671. Other persons
requirements for the design, construction and
may connect installations to distributors networks
suitability of equipment for its intended use
provided they obtain the prior consent of the
(Regulations 4(1), 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12).
distributor, who may require evidence that the
installation complies with BS 7671 and that the
Electricity Safety, Quality and
connection itself will meet safety and operational
Continuity Regulations 2002
requirements. Distributors may disconnect
consumers installations which are a source of
3.5 The Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity
danger or cause interference with their networks
Regulations 2002 (SI 2002/2665) came into
or other installations.
force on 31 January 2003. These Regulations
replaced the Electricity Supply Regulations 1988
3.13 Detailed Guidance on the Regulations is
(as amended).
available at www.dti.gov.uk/electricity-regulations.
3.6 The Regulations specify safety standards
Functionality requirements
which are aimed at protecting the general public
from danger. In addition, the Regulations specify
3.14 Part P of the Building Regulations makes
power quality and supply continuity requirements
requirements covering the safety of fixed electrical
to ensure an efficient and economic electricity
installations, but does not cover system functionality.
supply service for consumers.The Regulations
The functionality of electrically powered systems
were introduced to improve standards in public
such as fire alarm systems, fans and pumps is
safety and to align requirements to modern
covered in other Parts of the Building Regulations
electricity markets.
and other legislation.
3.7 The duty holders are generators, distributors,
suppliers, meter operators, consumers and
specified persons. Most of the duties apply to
distributors who own or operate networks used
to supply consumers installations, street furniture
or other networks.
3.8 Amongst other duties, distributors are
5
 Embedded generators are those connected to the distribution networks
required to provide an earthing facility for new
of public electricity suppliers rather than directly to the National Grid.
connections (unless this would be inappropriate
Most CHP and renewable generating stations are embedded.
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 P
Appendix A: Examples of electrical
installation diagrams
d. Types of wiring or wiring system. While
Notes
PVC insulated and sheathed cables are
1. The diagrams do not give all the information
likely to be suitable for much of the wiring
needed to achieve compliance with BS 7671, nor
in a typical dwelling, other types of cable
do they cover all the electrical services found in
may also be necessary. For example,
dwellings, some of which (e.g. swimming pools
heat-resisting flexible cables are required for
and saunas) are subject to special requirements
the final connections to certain equipment;
specified in Part 6 of BS 7671:2001. The diagrams
the cable to the garage or shed, if run
must not be used for installation purposes.
underground, is subject to certain
requirements; and cables concealed in
2. The diagrams are simplified examples of what
floors and walls in certain circumstances
may be encountered. They are not a substitute
are required to have an earthed metal
for the proper consideration of for instance:
covering, be enclosed in steel conduit
a. Cross-sectional areas (csa) of the phase
or have additional mechanical protection.
and neutral conductors of circuits. The
e. Principles of cable routing. BS 7671 contains
minimum csa required by BS 7671 depends
criteria for the routing and positioning of
on a number of variables, including: type
cables, so as to give protection against
of cable, number of cores, type and
electric shock and fire as a result of
nominal current of overcurrent protective
mechanical damage to a cable. For example,
device, grouping with other circuits,
such criteria are given for cables concealed
ambient temperature, contact with thermally
in walls or buried in the ground.
insulating materials and circuit length.
f. Current ratings of circuits to fixed
b. Cross-sectional areas of protective
current-using equipment such as a
conductors. BS 7671 contains different
shower or cooker.
rules, involving a number of variables, for
determining the minimum csa for each
In the above context, diagrams are given as
type of protective conductor, including
follows:
the earthing conductor, circuit protective
Diagram 1(a) indicates the many electrical
conductors, main equipotential bonding
appliances that can be found in the home and
conductors and supplementary bonding
how they might be supplied.
conductors.
Diagram 1(b) indicates earthing and bonding
c. Types and nominal current ratings of
arrangements that can be necessary.
fuses or circuit breakers. These particulars
depend on the circuit design current
Diagram 2(a) indicates earthing arrangements as
and load characteristics, and need to be
might be provided by electricity distributors.
co-ordinated with the circuit conductors
Diagram 2(b) indicates the earthing arrangement
and with the earth fault loop impedance
as might need to be provided by the consumer.
of the circuit.
Key to diagrams
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P EXAMPLES OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION DIAGRAMS
Diagram 1(a) Illustration of the fixed electrical installation that might be commonly
encountered in new or upgraded existing dwellings
Notes:
1. See the general rules in BS 7671:2001.
2. The RCD component in the main switch is required for TT systems (see Diagram 2(b)). Individual circuit 30mA RCDs may be required to avoid
unnecessary tripping.
3. The notices include advice on periodic testing and regular test operation of the RCDs.
4. The zone shown around the bath or shower corresponds to zone 3 in Section 601 of BS 7671:2001.
The socket-outlet shown in the bedroom with the shower cubicle must be outside zone 3.
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EXAMPLES OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION DIAGRAMS P
Diagram 1(b) Illustration of earthing and bonding conductors that might be part
of the electrical installation shown in Diagram 1(a)
Notes:
1. See the general rules in BS 7671:2001.
2. Circuit protective conductors are taken to all items of fixed electrical equipment and local isolation and switching devices which appear in Diagram 1(a).
3. In the case of a protective multiple earthing (PME) supply (see Diagram 2(a)), consult the electricity distributor.
4. Supplementary bonding is required in bathrooms to an extent dependent upon the presence of metallic fixtures, fittings and pipework: see Section 601
of BS 7671:2001.
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P EXAMPLES OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION DIAGRAMS
Diagram 2(a) Example earthing arrangement where the electricity distributor
provides the earth connection (referred to as TN-C-S where the
connection is made to A, or TN-S where the connection is made
to B  the most common systems in urban areas)
Notes:
1. Connection A shows the arrangement where an electricity distributor provides a combined protective earthing and neutral conductor as part of a
protective multiple earthing system (referred to as TN-C-S).
Connection B shows the arrangement where an electricity distributor provides a protective earthing conductor (usually the metallic covering of the
supply cable) that is separate from the neutral conductor (as part of a system referred to as TN-S).
2. Connection A or B can only be made by the electricity distributor or its appointed agent.
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EXAMPLES OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION DIAGRAMS P
Diagram 2(b) Example earthing arrangement where consumers provide their own
earthing connection (referred to as a TT system)
Notes:
1. BS 7671:2001 requires that the part of the installation between the origin and the first RCD shall comply with the requirements for protection by Class II
equipment or equivalent insulation. For the arrangement shown, this applies to the consumer unit and the wiring connecting it to the supplier s equipment.
2. The 100mA RCD component of the main switch should be of the time delayed type.
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P
Appendix B: Copies of BS 7671 and IEE
model forms
The BS 7671 and IEE forms and notes on the
following pages are taken from IEE Guidance
Note 3, 2002 edition, and are available for
downloading from the IEE website at www.iee.
org/Publish/WireRegs/forms.cfm.
They appear in the order:
Introduction
1. Introduction to Appendix 6 of BS 7671:2001
(Model forms for certification and reporting).
Initial inspection and testing
2. Notes for short form and full versions of
Electrical Installation Certificate.
3. Form 1  Short form of Electrical Installation
Certificate (for use when one person is responsible
for the design, construction, inspection and
testing of an installation), including guidance
for recipients.
4. Form 2  Full Electrical Installation
Certificate, including guidance for recipients
(standard form from Appendix 6 of BS 7671).
5. Form 3  Schedule of Inspections (from
Appendix 6 of BS 7671) with notes.
6. Form 4  Schedule of Test Results (from
Appendix 6 of BS 7671) with notes.
Minor works
7. Notes on completion of Minor Electrical
Installation Works Certificate.
8. Form 5  Minor Electrical Installation Works
Certificate, including guidance for recipients
(from Appendix 6 of BS 7671).
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COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS P
CERTIFICATION AND REPORTING
Introduction
i. The Electrical Installation Certificate required by Part 7 of BS 7671 shall be made out and
signed or otherwise authenticated by a competent person or persons in respect of the design,
construction, inspection and testing of the work.
ii. The Minor Works Certificate required by Part 7 of BS 7671 shall be made out and signed or
otherwise authenticated by a competent person in respect of the inspection and testing of
an installation.
iii. The Periodic Inspection Report required by Part 7 of BS 7671 shall be made out and signed
or otherwise authenticated by a competent person in respect of the inspection and testing of
an installation.
iv. Competent persons will, as appropriate to their function under (i) (ii) and (iii) above, have a
sound knowledge and experience relevant to the nature of the work undertaken and to the
technical standards set down in this British Standard, be fully versed in the inspection and
testing procedures contained in this Standard and employ adequate testing equipment.
v. Electrical Installation Certificates will indicate the responsibility for design, construction,
inspection and testing, whether in relation to new work or further work on an existing installation.
Where design, construction and inspection and testing are the responsibility of one person,
a Certificate with a single signature declaration in the form shown below may replace the
multiple signatures section of the model form.
FOR DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, INSPECTION & TESTING.
I being the person responsible for the Design, Construction, Inspection & Testing of
the electrical installation (as indicated by my signature below), particulars of which
are described above, having exercised reasonable skill and care when carrying out
the Design, Construction, Inspection & Testing, hereby CERTIFY that the said work for
which I have been responsible is to the best of my knowledge and belief in accordance
with BS 7671: & & & & , amended to & & & & (date) except for the departures, if any,
detailed as follows.
vi. A Minor Works Certificate will indicate the responsibility for design, construction, inspection
and testing of the work described in Part 4 of the certificate.
vii. A Periodic Inspection Report will indicate the responsibility for the inspection and testing of
an installation within the extent and limitations specified on the report.
viii. A schedule of inspections and a schedule of test results as required by Part 7 (of BS 7671) shall
be issued with the associated Electrical Installation Certificate or Periodic Inspection Report.
ix. When making out and signing a form on behalf of a company or other business entity,
individuals shall state for whom they are acting.
x. Additional forms may be required as clarification, if needed by non-technical persons, or in
expansion, for larger or more complex installations.
xi. The IEE Guidance Note 3 provides further information on inspection and testing on completion
and for periodic inspections.
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P COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS
Electrical installation certificates
Notes for Forms 1 and 2
1. The Electrical Installation Certificate is to be used only for the initial certification of a new installation
or for an alteration or addition to an existing installation where new circuits have been introduced.
It is not to be used for a Periodic Inspection for which a Periodic Inspection Report form should be
used. For an alteration or addition which does not extend to the introduction of new circuits, a Minor
Electrical Installation Works Certificate may be used.
The original Certificate is to be given to the person ordering the work (Regulation 742-01-03).
A duplicate should be retained by the contractor.
2. This Certificate is only valid if accompanied by the Schedule of Inspections and the Schedule(s) of
Test Results.
3. The signatures appended are those of the persons authorised by the companies executing the work
of design, construction and inspection and testing respectively. A signatory authorised to certify
more than one category of work should sign in each of the appropriate places.
4. The time interval recommended before the first periodic inspection must be inserted (see IEE
Guidance Note 3 for guidance).
5. The page numbers for each of the Schedules of Test Results should be indicated, together with
the total number of sheets involved.
6. The maximum prospective fault current recorded should be the greater of either the short-circuit
current or the earth fault current.
7. The proposed date for the next inspection should take into consideration the frequency and quality
of maintenance that the installation can reasonably be expected to receive during its intended life,
and the period should be agreed between the designer, installer and other relevant parties.
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COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS P
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P COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS
Electrical safety  dwellings Approved Document P
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COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS P
Approved Document P Electrical safety  dwellings
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P COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS
Electrical safety  dwellings Approved Document P
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COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS P
Approved Document P Electrical safety  dwellings
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P COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS
Electrical safety  dwellings Approved Document P
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COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS P
Approved Document P Electrical safety  dwellings
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P COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS
Notes on schedule of test results
* Type of supply is ascertained from the supply company or by inspection.
* Ze at origin. When the maximum value declared by the electricity supplier is used, the
effectiveness of the earth must be confirmed by a test. If measured the main bonding will need
to be disconnected for the duration of the test.
* Short-circuit capacity of the device is noted, see Table 7.2A of the On-Site Guide or 2.7.15 of GN3.
* Prospective fault current (PFC). The value recorded is the greater of either the short-circuit
current or the earth fault current. Preferably determined by enquiry of the supplier.
The following tests, where relevant, shall be carried out in the following sequence:
Continuity of protective conductors, including main and supplementary bonding
Every protective conductor, including main and supplementary bonding conductors, should be
tested to verify that it is continuous and correctly connected.
*6 Continuity
Where Test Method 1 is used, enter the measured resistance of the phase conductor plus the
circuit protective conductor (R1+ R2).
See 10.3.1 of the On-Site Guide or 2.7.5 of GN3.
During the continuity testing (Test Method 1) the following polarity checks are to be carried out:
a. every fuse and single-pole control and protective device is connected in the phase conductor only;
b. centre-contact bayonet and Edison screw lampholders have outer contact connected to the
neutral conductor;
c. wiring is correctly connected to socket-outlets and similar accessories.
Compliance is to be indicated by a tick in polarity column 11.
(R1 + R2) need not be recorded if R2 is recorded in column 7.
*7 Where Test Method 2 is used, the maximum value of R2 is recorded in column 7.
Where the alternative method of Regulation 413-02-12 is used for shock protection, the
resistance of the circuit protective conductor R2 is measured and recorded in column 7.
See 10.3.1 of the On-Site Guide or 2.7.5 of GN3.
*8 Continuity of ring final circuit conductors
A test shall be made to verify the continuity of each conductor including the protective
conductor of every ring final circuit.
See 10.3.2 of the On-Site Guide or 2.7.6 of GN3.
*9,*10 Insulation resistance
All voltage sensitive devices to be disconnected or test between live conductors (phase and
neutral) connected together and earth.
The insulation resistance between live conductors is to be inserted in column 9.
The minimum insulation resistance values are given in Table 10.1 of the On-Site Guide or Table
2.2 of GN3.
See 10.3.3(iv) of the On-Site Guide or 2.7.7 of GN3.
All the preceding tests should be carried out before the installation is energised.
*11 Polarity
A satisfactory polarity test may be indicated by a tick in column 11.
Only in a Schedule of Test Results associated with a Periodic Inspection Report is it
acceptable to record incorrect polarity.
Electrical safety  dwellings Approved Document P
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COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS P
*12 Earth fault loop impedance Zs
This may be determined either by direct measurement at the furthest point of a live circuit or
by adding (R1 + R2) of column 6 to Ze. Ze is determined by measurement at the origin of the
installation or preferably the value declared by the supply company used.
Zs = Ze + (R1 + R2). Zs should be less than the values given in Appendix 2 of the On-Site
Guide or Appendix 2 of GN3.
*13 Functional testing
The operation of RCDs (including RCBOs) shall be tested by simulating a fault condition,
independent of any test facility in the device.
Record operating time in column 13. Effectiveness of the test button must be confirmed.
See Section 11 of the On-Site Guide or 2.7.16 of GN3.
*14 All switchgear and controlgear assemblies, drives, control and interlocks, etc. must be operated
to ensure that they are properly mounted, adjusted and installed.
Satisfactory operation is indicated by a tick in column 14.
Earth electrode resistance
The earth electrode resistance of TT installations must be measured, and normally an RCD
is required.
For reliability in service the resistance of any earth electrode should be below 200&!. Record
the value on Form 1, 2 or 6, as appropriate.
See 10.3.5 of the On-Site Guide or 2.7.13 of GN3.
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Electrical safety  dwellings Approved Document P
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COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS P
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P COPIES OF BS 7671 AND IEE MODEL FORMS
Notes on completion of minor electrical installation works certificate
Scope
The Minor Works Certificate is intended to be used for additions and alterations to an installation that
do not extend to the provision of a new circuit. Examples include the addition of a socket-outlet or a
lighting point to an existing circuit, the relocation of a light switch, etc. This Certificate may also be used
for the replacement of equipment such as accessories or luminaires, but not for the replacement of
distribution boards or similar items. Appropriate inspection and testing, however, should always be
carried out irrespective of the extent of the work undertaken.
Part 1 Description of minor works
1, 2 The minor works must be so described that the work that is the subject of the certification can
be readily identified.
4 See Regulations 120-01-03 and 120-02. No departures are to be expected except in most
unusual circumstances. See also Regulation 743-01-01.
Part 2 Installation details
2 The method of protection against indirect contact shock must be clearly identified, e.g. earthed
equipotential bonding and automatic disconnection of supply using fuse/circuit-breaker/RCD.
4 If the existing installation lacks either an effective means of earthing or adequate main
equipotential bonding conductors, this must be clearly stated. See Regulation 743-01-02.
Recorded departures from BS 7671 may constitute non-compliance with the Electricity Supply
Regulations 1988 as amended or the Electricity at Work Regulations 1989. It is important that
the client is advised immediately in writing.
Part 3 Essential tests
The relevant provisions of Part 7 (Inspection and Testing) of BS 7671 must be applied in full to all minor
works. For example, where a socket-outlet is added to an existing circuit it is necessary to:
1 establish that the earthing contact of the socket-outlet is connected to the main earthing terminal;
2 measure the insulation resistance of the circuit that has been added to, and establish that it
complies with Table 71A of BS 7671;
3 measure the earth fault loop impedance to establish that the maximum permitted disconnection
time is not exceeded;
4 check that the polarity of the socket-outlet is correct;
5 (if the work is protected by an RCD) verify the effectiveness of the RCD.
Part 4 Declaration
1, 3 The Certificate shall be made out and signed by a competent person in respect of the design,
construction, inspection and testing of the work.
1, 3 The competent person will have a sound knowledge and experience relevant to the nature of
the work undertaken and to the technical standards set down in BS 7671, be fully versed in
the inspection and testing procedures contained in the Regulations and employ adequate
testing equipment.
2 When making out and signing a form on behalf of a company or other business entity,
individuals shall state for whom they are acting.
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 P
Appendix C: Older practice that can be
encountered in alteration work
When carrying out work on existing, older It is not permitted to use a gas, water or other
installations, some features will be encountered metal service pipe as a means of earthing for
which differ from those found in modern installations. an electrical installation. (This does not preclude
equipotential bonding connections to these
Electrical installations began to be commonplace
pipes.) It never has been permitted for gas pipes,
in domestic dwellings as early as the 1920s,
and has not been permitted for other service
and over the years there have been considerable
pipes since 1966.
changes to the types of wiring materials and
other equipment being installed, and in the ways Every electrical installation requires a proper
that electrical installations are structured. From means of earthing. The most usual type is an
the electrical safety point of view, these changes electricity distributor s earthing terminal, provided
have had two main causes: advances in technology, for this purpose near the electricity meter.
and amendments to the Wiring Regulations
published by the Institution of Electrical Engineers
Absence of, or inadequately
(issued as British Standard BS 7671 since 1992).
sized, main equipotential bonding
This appendix presents examples of the types of
conductors
features just mentioned, which may be unfamiliar
to those who find them and may be a safety hazard.
Also included, where applicable, are comments
about changes in the Wiring Regulations relevant
to the equipment concerned.
Use of a gas, water or other
service pipe as an earth
(No proper means of earthing
for the electrical installation)
Prior to 1966 the Wiring Regulations contained
no requirements for main equipotential bonding.
Since then, the installation of main equipotential
bonding conductors has been required to water
service pipes, gas installation pipes, oil supply
pipes and certain other  earthy metalwork that
may be present on the premises.
During the 1980s new Regulations were
introduced, requiring the minimum size of main
equipotential bonding conductors to be larger
than previously called for, particularly where there
is a PME (protective multiple earthing) electricity
supply. For most dwellings the minimum size
now permitted to be installed is 10mm².
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 OLDER PRACTICE THAT CAN BE ENCOUNTERED
P IN ALTERATION WORK
Absence of, or inadequately sized, Voltage-operated earth-leakage
supplementary equipotential circuit-breakers
bonding
Prior to 1981 there were virtually no requirements Two basic types of earth-leakage circuit-breaker
in the Wiring Regulations for supplementary used to be recognised by the Wiring Regulations:
equipotential bonding conductors. the current-operated type and the voltage-
operated type. Today, only the current-operated
Since then, the installation of supplementary
type is recognised (now called residual current
equipotential bonding conductors has been
devices or RCDs).
required in installations and locations of increased
electric shock risk, such as bathrooms and The voltage-operated type ceased to be recognised
shower rooms. in 1981. It can be distinguished by its two
separate earthing terminals  one for an earthing
During the 1980s and 1990s the requirements
connection to the load and one for an earthing
for the sizing of supplementary equipotential
connection to a means of earthing (often a driven
bonding conductors were amended. For most
rod). The major drawback with this type of device
dwellings the minimum size now permitted to be
is that a parallel earth path can render it disabled.
installed without mechanical protection is 4mm².
No circuit protective conductors
Double-pole fusing
in lighting circuits
In many installations put in up to the 1950s, the
circuits have a fuse in the neutral conductor as
well as in the phase conductor. This is a potentially
Lighting circuits installed before 1966, and not
dangerous practice for ac installations, and
including any metalwork needing to be earthed,
ceased to be permitted by the Wiring Regulations
often do not include a circuit protective conductor.
in about 1955.
Consequently, any new or replacement light fittings,
switches or other components must be of a type
In the event of a short circuit, there is a 50%
not requiring earthing, e.g. non-metallic varieties,
chance that the fuse in the neutral conductor will
unless new circuit protective (earthing) conductors
operate. When this happens, the phase conductor
are provided. Otherwise, there will be a potential
is not automatically disconnected from the faulty
danger of indirect contact (electric shock).
circuit as would now normally be expected,
thereby leaving a danger for the unwary.
All lighting circuits installed since 1966 (with the
exception of certain extra-low voltage circuits)
have been required to include a circuit protective
conductor.
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OLDER PRACTICE THAT CAN BE ENCOUNTERED
IN ALTERATION WORK P
Non-13A socket-outlets Green coloured protective
conductors or sleeving instead
of green yellow
The installation of socket-outlets other than the
current standard 13A square-pinned type was
common prior to the early 1950s. These outlets
accept non-fused plugs (some with an earth pin
and some without), generally having round pins.
The Wiring Regulations used to accept the
single colour green for the identification of
These older types of socket-outlet designed for
protective conductors.
non-fused plugs must not be connected to a ring
circuit. Such an arrangement can be dangerous.
However, since 1977 a green yellow coding has
been required for all protective conductors installed.
In addition, socket-outlets that will accept
unearthed (2-pin) plugs must not be used to
The older green sleeving or tape should be
supply equipment needing to be earthed. It is
replaced with the new green yellow striped
strongly recommended that such outlets be
variety whenever connections are re-made.
taken out of service.
Concealed cables outside of
No RCD protection for socket-
permitted zones in walls
outlets likely to supply portable
equipment outdoors
(or insufficient number of such
socket-outlets so protected)
Until the latter part of the 1980s the Wiring
Regulations did not contain any specific
requirements for the positioning of cables
A person receiving an electric shock when using
concealed in walls and partitions.
portable electrical equipment outdoors can be
Today s requirements are given in Regulation
at great risk of death or serious injury. The risk
522-06-06 in BS 7671, and are illustrated here.
is significantly reduced if the socket-outlet
supplying the equipment is provided with
To avoid striking a cable, extreme care should
sensitive RCD protection (fitted either at the
always be taken in any activity that involves
socket-outlet itself or at the consumer unit).
penetrating a wall or partition, even when it is
However, prior to 1981 the Wiring Regulations
known that any concealed cables were installed
did not require such protection.
in recent years. Where the cables were installed
prior to 1980 they are particularly likely to be
Nowadays, sensitive RCD protection 6 is required
found outside of the zones illustrated opposite.
for all socket-outlets which are installed having a
A cable and stud detector should always be
rating of 32A or less, and which may reasonably
used before attempting to drill into walls, floors
be expected to supply portable equipment for
or ceilings.
use outdoors. The initial requirement, in 1981,
was for this protection to be provided to at least
one such socket-outlet. However, this was found
6
The RCD should have a rated residual operating current of not more
to be inadequate.
than 30mA.
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P OLDER PRACTICE THAT CAN BE ENCOUNTERED IN ALTERATION WORK
2.5mm² twin-and-earth cables Cables of imperial (non-metric) sizes
incorporating circuit protective
conductor or only 1.0mm²
For some years, 2.5mm² twin-and-earth PVC/PVC
cables to BS 6004 were manufactured with a
circuit protective conductor (cpc) of only 1mm²,
Up until the beginning of the 1970s, cables could
rather than 1.5mm² as is incorporated today.
still be purchased having imperial, rather than
metric, sized conductors. Many such cables are
The size of the cpc was increased to 1.5mm² in
still to be found in older installations.
BS 6004 because in certain circumstances the
1mm² cpc may not always be properly protected
Their conductors may be single-stranded (as
against thermal effects in the event of an earth
in 1/.044) or may have three, seven or more
fault. This is where the cable is used in a ring
strands (as in 3/.029, 7/.029 and 19/.044). To the
final circuit protected by a 30A semi-enclosed
inexperienced eye these cables may be difficult
(rewirable) fuse. If this is the case, a competent
to recognise, other than perhaps by comparison
electrician should be consulted about upgrading
of their conductors with those of metric cables.
the cables and/or the consumer unit.
The important thing to appreciate, however, is
that their current-carrying capacity and voltage
Accessories on wooden drop characteristics are likely to be different from
those which may at first be expected. It would
mounting blocks
therefore be prudent to engage a competent
electrician to establish whether the performance
limits are being exceeded, or would be if a new
appliance with a higher rating (e.g. washing
machine, dishwasher, towel rail, appliances
rated at more than 2kW) were to be connected.
Finally, it should be noted that copper conductors
of imperial cables may be of the tinned type,
giving them an unfamiliar colour.
It was commonplace up to the mid-1960s for
accessories such as socket-outlets, lighting
switches and ceiling roses to be fixed to wooden
mounting blocks.
The design of the accessories is often such that the
wooden block is used to form part of the enclosure
for the unsheathed cores and terminations of
cables connecting to the accessory. However,
depending on the particular characteristics of the
material from which the block is made, it may not
satisfy the ignitability requirements of the current
Wiring Regulations (BS 7671) for such use.
Electrical safety  dwellings Approved Document P
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Tough rubber-sheathed (TRS), Lead-sheathed cables
vulvanised rubber insulation
(VRI) cables
Lead-sheathed cables may be found in some
installations dating from before about 1948.
These have rubber-insulated, tinned copper
conductors and an outer sheath of lead.
For reasons of protection against indirect
contact (electric shock) it is essential that the
Prior to the use of PVC insulated cables becoming
lead sheath of every such cable is, and will
common in the 1960s, most cables installed in
remain, properly earthed.
domestic dwellings were of the rubber insulated,
tough rubber-sheathed (TRS) type. These are
The conductor insulation, being made of rubber,
easily recognisable by their black exterior.
is prone to deterioration as described above for
TRS cables.
The extent to which the insulation and sheath
deteriorate in service depends very much
Again, such wiring installations should be tested
on whether the cable has been subjected to
by a competent person at the earliest opportunity
overloading and/or excessive temperature, or
as they are beyond their normally expected safe
the rubber has been exposed to direct sunlight.
working life.
Deterioration results in a loss of insulating
properties, with the rubber becoming dry and
inflexible  perhaps with a tendency to crumble.
Such wiring installations should be tested by a
competent person at the earliest opportunity, but
otherwise left undisturbed until replacement, as
they are beyond their normally expected safe
working life.
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P
Appendix D: New harmonised cable
identification colours
Amendment No 2 to BS 7671:2001 published on The new (harmonised) colour cables may be used
31 March 2004 specifies new (harmonised) cable on site from 31 March 2004. New installations or
core colours for all new fixed wiring in electrical alterations to existing installations may use either
installations in the UK. It includes guidance for new or old colours, but not both, from 31 March
alterations and additions to installations wired in 2004 until 31 March 2006. Only the new colours
the old cable colours. may be used after 31 March 2006.
Table D1 gives the new cable core colours for For single phase installations in domestic
ac power circuits. Figure D1 shows examples premises, the new colours are the same as those
of flat and armoured single phase and 3-phase for flexible cables to appliances, namely green-
ac power cables with the old and the new and-yellow, blue and brown for the protective,
harmonised colours. neutral and phase conductors respectively.
Further information, including cable identification
colours for extra-low voltage and dc power
circuits, is available from the following sources:
Table D1 Identification of conductors
New wiring colours. Leaflet published by the IEE,
in ac power and lighting
2004. Available for downloading from the IEE
circuits
website at www.iee.org/cablecolours.
Conductor Colour
ECA comprehensive guide to harmonised cable
Protective conductor Green-and-yellow colours, BS 7671: 2001 Amendment No 2.
Electrical Contractors Association, March 2004.
Neutral Blue
New fixed wiring colours  A practical guide.
Phase of single phase circuit Brown
National Inspection Council for Electrical
Phase 1 of 3-phase circuit Brown
installation Contracting (NICEIC), Spring 2004.
Phase 2 of 3-phase circuit Black
Phase 3 of 3-phase circuit Grey
Diagram D1 Examples of cable with
old and new colours
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 P
Appendix E: Authorised competent person
self-certification schemes for electrical
installation work
Full scope schemes Defined scope schemes
The following organisations are authorised run The following organisations are authorised run
competent person self-certification schemes for competent person self-certification schemes for
registered electrical installers who can do all registered installers who can do electrical work
types electrical installation work in dwellings: as an adjunct to or arising out of other work:
BRE Certification Ltd CORGI Services Limited
Bucknalls Lane, Garston, Watford, Herts WD25 9XX 1 Elmwood, Chineham Park, Crockford Lane,
Tel: 0870 609 6093 Basingstoke, Hants RG24 8WG
Website: www.partp.co.uk Tel: 01256 372200
Website: www.corgi-gas-safety.com
British Standards Institution
ELECSA Limited
BSI Product Services, Maylands Avenue, Hemel
Hempstead, Herts HP2 4SQ Address and contact details as above
Tel: 01442 230442
NAPIT Certification Limited
Website: www.bsi-global.com/kitemark
Address and contact details as above
ELECSA Limited
NICEIC Group Limited
44-48 Borough High Street, London SE1 1XB
Tel: 0870 749 0080
Address and contact details as above
Website: www.elecsa.org.uk
OFTEC (Oil Firing Technical Association Limited)
NAPIT Certification Limited
Foxwood House, Dobbs Lane, Kesgrave,
Floor 4, Mill 3, Pleasley Vale Business Park,
Ipswich IP5 2QQ
Outgang Lane, Pleasley Vale, Mansfield,
Tel: 0845 658 5080
Notts NG19 8RL
Website: www.oftec.co.uk
Tel: 0870 444 1392
Website: www.napit.org.uk
NICEIC Group Limited
Warwick House, Houghton Hall Park, Houghton
Regis, Dunstable, Bedfordshire LU5 6ZX
Tel: 0800 013 0900
Website: www.niceic.org.uk
Approved Document P Electrical safety  dwellings
41
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P
Standards referred to
BS 7671:2001
Requirements for Electrical Installations (IEE
Wiring Regulations 16th Edition). The Institution of
Electrical Engineers, 2004, ISBN 0 86341 373 0,
(incorporating Amendments No 1:2002 and
No 2:2004).
BS EN 60439-3:1991
Specification for low-voltage switchgear and
controlgear assemblies. Particular requirements
for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
assemblies intended to be installed in places
where unskilled persons have access to their use.
Electrical safety  dwellings Approved Document P
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 P
Other publications referred to
Institution of Electrical
Engineers (IEE)
Electrician s guide to the Building Regulations, 2005.
ISBN 0 86341 463 X. Available from www.iee.org.
IEE Guidance Note 1: Selection and erection of
equipment, 4th edition, 2002. ISBN 0 85296 989 9.
IEE Guidance Note 2: Isolation and switching,
4th edition, 2002. ISBN 0 85296 990 2.
IEE Guidance Note 3: Inspection and testing,
4th edition, 2002. ISBN 0 85296 991 0.
IEE Guidance Note 4: Protection against fire,
4th edition, 2003. ISBN 0 85296 992 9.
IEE Guidance Note 5: Protection against electric
shock, 4th edition, 2003. ISBN 0 85296 993 7.
IEE Guidance Note 6: Protection against overcurrent,
4th edition, 2003. ISBN 0 85296 994 5.
IEE Guidance Note 7: Special locations,
2nd edition (incorporating the 1st and 2nd
amendments), 2003. ISBN 0 85296 995 3.
IEE On-Site Guide (BS 7671 IEE Wiring Regulations,
16th edition), 2002. ISBN 0 85296 987 2.
New wiring colours, 2004. Leaflet available to
download at www.iee.org/cablecolours.
Electrical Contractors Association
(ECA) and National Inspection
Council for Electrical Installation
Contracting (NICEIC)
ECA comprehensive guide to harmonised cable
colours, BS 7671:2001 Amendment No 2, ECA,
March 2004.
Electrical Installers Guide to the Building
Regulations, NICEIC and ECA, August 2004.
Available from www.niceic.org.uk and
www.eca.co.uk.
New fixed wiring colours  A practical guide,
NICEIC, Spring 2004.
Approved Document P Electrical safety  dwellings
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APPROVED DOCUMENTS
The following documents have been approved
and issued by the First Secretary of State for
the purpose of providing practical guidance
with respect to the requirements of the Building
Regulations 2000 (as amended).
Approved Document A: Structure Approved Document K: Protection from falling
2004 edition incorporating 2004 amendments collision and impact
1998 edition incorporating 2000 amendments
Approved Document B: Fire safety
2000 edition incorporating 2000 and Approved Document L1A: Conservation of
2002 amendments fuel and power
New dwellings
Approved Document C: Site preparation and
2006 edition
resistance to contaminants and moisture
2004 edition Approved Document L1B: Conservation of
fuel and power
Approved Document D: Toxic substances
Existing dwellings
1992 edition incorporating 2002 amendments
2006 edition
Approved Document E: Resistance to the
Approved Document L2A: Conservation of
passage of sound
fuel and power
2003 edition incorporating 2004 amendments
New buildings other than dwellings
Approved Document F: Ventilation 2006 edition
2006 edition
Approved Document L2B: Conservation
Approved Document G: Hygiene of fuel and power
1992 edition incorporating 1992 and 2000 Existing buildings other than dwellings
amendments 2006 edition
Approved Document H: Drainage and Approved Document M: Access to and use
waste disposal of buildings
2002 edition 2004 edition
Approved Document J: Combustion Approved Document N: Glazing  safety in
appliances and fuel storage systems relation to impact, opening and cleaning
2002 edition 1998 edition incorporating 2000 amendments
Approved Document J: 2002 Edition: Approved Document P: Electrical safety
Guidance and Supplementary Information 2006 edition
on the UK Implementation of European
Approved Document to support regulation 7:
Standards for Chimneys and Flues
Materials and workmanship
1992 edition incorporating 2000 amendments
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Published by NBS, part of RIBA Enterprises Ltd, and available from:
RIBA Bookshops Mail Order
15 Bonhill Street
London EC2P 2EA
Telephone orders/General enquiries: 020 7256 7222
Fax orders: 020 7374 2737
Email orders: sales@ribabookshops.com
Or order online at:
www.thebuildingregs.com
RIBA Bookshops
66 Portland Place, London W1B 1AD. Telephone 020 7256 7222.
113-115 Portland Street, Manchester M1 6DW. Telephone 0161 236 7691.
Birmingham & Midland Institute, Margaret Street, Birmingham B3 3SP. Telephone 0121 233 2321.
RSUA, 2 Mount Charles, Belfast BT7 1NZ. Telephone 028 9032 3760.
Renew Rooms, 82 Wood Street, Liverpool L1 4DQ. Telephone 0151 707 4380.
ISBN-10 1 85946 223 5
ISBN-13 978 1 85946 223 2
Stock code 57648
© Crown copyright 2006
The Approved Documents are published by NBS for the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister.
This publication has been approved by Ministers and has official status. Copyright in the www.thenbs.com
contents, the cover, the design and the typographical arrangement of this publication rests
with the Crown unless otherwise stated. The contents of this publication may be reproduced
free of charge in any format or medium for the purposes of private research and study
or for internal circulation within an organisation. This is subject to the contents being
reproduced accurately and not in a way that implies official status. Any publisher wishing
to reproduce the content of this publication must not use or replicate the ODPM crest
or replicate the official version s style and appearance, including the cover design, and
must not present their publication as being an official publication as this may confuse the
public. The reproduced material must be acknowledged as Crown Copyright and the title
of the publication specified. The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister does not accept any
responsibility for the accuracy and comprehensiveness of any other versions.
Any other use of the contents of this publication would require a copyright licence. Please
apply for a licence by writing to the Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team,
St Clements House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich NR3 1BQ. Fax 01603 723000 or email
HMSOlicensing@cabinet-office.x.gsi.gov.uk. Further information can be obtained from
www.opsi.gov.uk.
Building Regulations 2000
APPROVED DOCUMENT P
Electrical safety  dwellings
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