A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --
To denote directional meaning
Meaning Helper
English Example Turkish Translation
of 'den' word
Hüseyin got the car out of (from) the
Hüseyin arabayI garajdan çIkardI ve
'from' none
garage and brought it to the front of the
evin önüne getirdi.
house.
Mrs. Dalrimple buys fresh bread and cake Bayan Dalrimple Persembe günleri
'from' none
from the bakery on Thursdays. fIrIndan taze kek ve ekmek alIr.
You're now [here] at the school. Leave
(from) the school and turn left. A little Simdi okuldasInIz. Okuldan çIkIn ve
further on there's a traffic signal. Turn sola dönün. Biraz ilerde trafik IsIgI
right at (from) the traffic signal and walk var. Trafik IsIgIndan saga dönün ve
'from' none
on a little. Then turn (from the) left at the biraz yürüyün. Sonra ilk yoldan sola
first road and go straight. The first big dönün ve dogru gidin. Sag tarafta ilk
building on the right hand side is the büyük bina kütüphanedir.
library.
A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --
Mandatory or frequent use with certain verbs
(but 'den' has no meaning at all, in these cases)
Helper
Use/Meaning of 'den' English Example Turkish Translation
word
Meaningless, but frequent use
I m glad to return home Tekrar eve dönmekten
with some verbs, like none
again. memnunum.
memnun(mak)
Meaningless, but frequent use
with some verbs, like none
He went up the ladder.
Merdivenden yukarI çIktI.
(yukarI) çIkmak
Meaningless, but frequent use none
They always go by (pass) Her zaman postanenin yanIndan
with some verbs, like
the post office. (önünden) geçerler.
geçmek
Meaningless, but mandatory
It s said that you can find Eski satoda bir hayalet
use with some verbs, like söz none
a ghost in the old castle. bulundugundan söz ediliyor.
etmek
Meaningless, but mandatory
Don t be afraid to talk to
use with some verbs, like none
Patronla konusmaktan korkma.
the boss.
korkmak
Meaningless, but mandatory
use with some verbs, like none
I hate cold weather. Soguk havadan nefret ediyorum.
nefret etmek
Meaningless, but mandatory
I liked Paris in the
use with some verbs, like none
Son baharda Paristen hoslandIm.
Autumn.
hoslanmak
Studying is easier when
Büyük halk kitaplIklarIndan
Meaningless, but mandatory
you can make good use
use with some verbs, like none
yararlanIlabildigi zaman çalIsma
of the large public
yararlanmak
daha kolaydIr.
libraries.
A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --
In comparative or relational constructions
Helper
Use/Meaning of 'den' English Example Turkish Translation
word
Gümüldürü New Yawk
As a I like Gümüldür much more than New
Comparison/Relation none
City den daha çok
Yawk City. [Compared to NYC, I like
Facilitator
Gümüldür much more.]
begeniyorum.
Hiç bir zaman
As a We never have more money than we
Comparison/Relation none
ihtiyacImIzdan fazla
need. [Compared to our needs, it's never
Facilitator
possible (to have) too much of our money.]
paramIz olmaz.
As a none
Mary loves him more than I do. Mary onu benim
Comparison/Relation [Compared to my loving him, Mary loves sevdigimden daha çok
Facilitator (him) more.]
seviyor.
As a
BabasIndan daha uzun
He s going to be taller than his father.
Comparison/Relation none
[Compared to his father, he'll be taller.]
boylu olacak.
Facilitator
John (erkek) kardeslerinin
As a John is smarter than either one of his
Comparison/Relation none
ikisinden (her biriden) de
brothers. [Compared to both his brothers,
Facilitator
John is smarter.]
daha zekidir.
En büyük (yaslI) ogul onun
As a His eldest son is five years older than
Comparison/Relation none
en küçük erkek kardesinden
the youngest son. [Compared to his
Facilitator
youngest son, the eldest son is 5 years older.]
bes yas daha büyük.
My Dad says we are to spend no more
than 50 cents. [My dad says we can t
Babam, elli sentten bir
As a
spend one kurus (old Turkish monetary
Comparison/Relation none
kurus fazla
unit) more than 50 cents.] [My father,
Facilitator
harcamayacaksInIz, diyor.
"In relation to 50 cents, you can't spend one
kurus more," he says.]
Mary, John dan onunla
As a
Mary is too young for John to marry.
Comparison/Relation none
[In relation to John, Mary is so young that evlenemeyecek kadar
Facilitator
she can not marry with him.]
küçüktür.
A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --
In Idiomatic 'post-position' Constructions
Helper
Meaning of 'den' construction English Example Turkish Translation
word
'-meden/madan' He spoke impulsively
none
Düsünmeden söyledi.
(without)
(without thinking).
'-den/dan' bu yana
She's been in bed with the flu Cumartesiden bu yana
(since)
since Saturday. gripten yataktaydI.
'-meden/madan ...' Five minutes before we left, I Biz ayrIlmadan bes dakika
önce
(before)
became ill. önce, rahatsIz oldum.
'-dikten/dIktan ...'
In addition to learning this O bu sarkIyI ögrendikten
(besides, apart from doing, in baska
song, he can sing it well too. baska iyi de söyler.
addition to doing)
Besides being unable to
'-madIktan ...'
Türkçe konusamadIktan
(besides, apart from doing, in baska
speak Turkish, you don't
baska, ingilizce de bilmezsin!
addition to doing)
know English either!
Apart from the fact that he
'-diginden ...'
Ev kirasInI ödemediginden
(besides the fact, apart from baska
doesn't pay the rent, he's a
baska, aksine iyi de bir kiracI.
the fact, in addition to the fact)
very nice tenant.
'-meden ...' Don't light the Christmas tree Ben gelmeden evvel Noel
evvel
(before)
lights before I get there. agacInIn IsIklarInI açmayInIz.
A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --
In Certain 'Modern' Word and Phrase Interpretations
Note: There is a thin line that determines whether an entry appears in this section or
in the former section (Idiomatic 'post-position' Constructions).
To help us make the determination, we used the word search feature of the Redhouse CD Dictionary.
And when, for example, we performed a word search for the word 'elinden',
we did find a specific dictionary listing for it -- so, you'll see 'elinden' in this section.
On the other hand, when we performed a CD word search for 'düsünmeden' we came up empty --
there was no specific entry for it in the Redhouse Dictionary.
But it's still an important example, so we included that word in the former section.
Modern word or phrase Helper
English Example Turkish Translation
with 'den/dan' word
'neden' ile
There's no battery! That's the Pil yok! Fener o neden ile
(reason, cause)
reason (with that reason) the flashlight
(nedenle) calIsamaz.
won't work.
The house is in a beautiful spot,
'bakImIndan'
Ev çok güzel bir yerde, ama
(from the point of view none
but it's no good from a traffic
trafik bakImIndan iyi degil.
of)
point of view.
'dogrudan'
none
Go directly to 'GO'. 'GO'ya dogrudan gidin!
(directly)
"I'm done for, sergeant, done for --
"YandIm çavus yandIm senin
'elinden'
none
elinden!"
(because of)
because of you!"
Devrik Cümlesi? Yes!
(A line from a Turkish folksong.)
'aniden'
none
Suddenly, the fat man exploded. Aniden sisko adam patladI.
(suddenly)
'durmadan' He drank the whole glass of Bütün viski bardagInI
none
(without stopping)
whisky without stopping. durmadan içti.
'cidden' Seriously, son. It's time you got a Cidden, oglum. Bir is bulman
none
(seriously)
job. lâzIm.
'dünden' He has eagerly wanted to marry Onunla evlenmeye dünden
none
(eagerly, 'from yesterday')
her. razI idi.
'sIradan'
We watched a very ordinary film Dün gece çok sIradan bir film
(ordinary, middling, none
on TV last night. seyrettik.
mediocre)
'kararlamadan' By estimating roughly, add a cup Keke kararlamadan bir
none
(by estimating roughly)
of sugar to the cake. fincan kadar seker ilave et.
'çekinmeden' Without hesitating, Gus jumped Gus, çekinmeden ata binip
none
(without hesitating)
on his horse and rode off. gitti.
'durup dinlenmeden'
They studied for 5 hours without Durup dinlenmeden bes saat
(without a break, none
a break. [ders] çalIstIlar.
continuosly)
'bu yüzden'
(for this reason, because none
For this reason, Johnson died. Johnson, bu yüzden öldü.
of this, therefore)
'deminden' I told you to shut up a little while Deminden beri sana sus
beri
(just now, a moment ago)
ago, but you're still talking. diyorum, hâlâ konusuyorsun.
'gibilerden'
iyi ettin gibilerden
He winked as if he wanted to say,
(as if to say, along the none
göz kIrptI.
"Well done."
lines of)
From Redhouse CD Dictionary
Silahlanma yarIsI
Write an article along the lines of,
'gibilerden'
durdurulmalIdIr gibilerden bir
(as if to say, along the none
"The arms race should be
makale yazIn.
lines of)
stopped."
From Redhouse CD Dictionary
'yalandan'
ÜçkâgItçI yalandan agladI.
none
The swindler pretended to cry.
(pretending) From Redhouse CD Dictionary
'yalandan' none
Just give the windows a quick Yalandan pencereleri bir
(do something in a
siliver gitsin!
swipe and let it go at that!
slipshod manner) From Redhouse CD Dictionary
I soon got used to (car) driving in
'çok geçmeden' Ben çok geçmeden Türkiyede
none
Turkey.
(soon, before long)
araba kullanmaya alIstIm.
[whoop! whoop! hahahahahahahahahahaha!]
'den'
(tact)
O.K.
So, 'den' isn't a suffix here. It's an
none
Caligula was a tactless fellow. Caligula densiz bir adamdI.
ordinary noun. But what kinda
mail would we get -- should you
run across it, and we hadn't
mentioned it...? huuuhhh?
"Bir çizelgede alt alta gelen
"On a printed form, a 'ditto' sign is
aynI söz veya söz gruplarInIn
used on the line below (instead of
birkaç kez yazIlmasInI
'denden'
the word or word group from the
önleyerek kolaylIk saglamak
none
(ditto marks)
preceding line) for providing an
another mis-leading noun... için birinci satIrIn altIndakiler
easy way to avoid repeated writing
yerine kulanIlan 'denden'
of the same word or word group."
isareti."
From Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlük
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