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Kenji Hata- Publikacja
John Hart - Publikacja
John Hart - Wywiad
Galeria






We estimated the loss modulus to address the validity of the zipper model. The loss modulus (G�ł) of the nodes was approximated as a summation over all nodes multiplied by the energy per node to unzip and by a geometrical factor, , to account for the fraction aligned perpendicular to the strain direction









with vdW adhesion energy per unit length to unzip two CNTs, EvdW; node density, N; node length, l = 150 nm (by TEM, fig. S7A); shear strain and rate, �ł and , respectively; strain angular frequency, ω; and the angle between the node and the direction perpendicular to the strain, θ. The vdW adhesion energy, EvdW, was estimated as 0.36 nJ/m as calculated from the binding energy of two parallel cylinders following the Lennard-Jones potential . The CNT node density (4.5 � 1015 nodes per cm3) was estimated by multiplying the CNT tube density (4.24 � 1010 tubes per cm2), as estimated from the CNT bulk density (0.009 g/cm3) and individual tube density (1.5 � 10�ł13 g/cm), and the node density per tube (2.12 � 104 per tube), as estimated by the node frequency (1/300 nm) obtained by TEM images (fig. S7). With use of these values, the calculated G�ł was 0.51 MPa and agreed well with experiment (0.3 MPa), which demonstrated that the energy dissipation stemmed from the unzipping vdW interaction at the nodes. In summary, the temperature invariance of the vdW interaction and the thermal stability of CNT material provided this temperature invariant viscoelasticity.



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