CHAPTER 6
NAVAL ORGANIZATION
Organization is the element of administration which entails the orderly
arrangement of materials and personnel by functions in order to attain the
objective of the unit. Organization establishes the working relationship among
unit personnel; establishes the flow of work; promotes teamwork; and identifies
the responsibility, authority and accountability of individuals within the unit.
Standard Organization and Regulations of the U.S. Navy,
OPNAVINST 3120.32C
The primary mission of the Navy is to support U.S. 2. To ensure, by timely and effective military
national interests. To do that, the Navy must be prepared
action, the security of the United States, its
to conduct prompt and sustained combat operations at
possessions, and areas vital to its interests
sea. Each Navy unit must be prepared to engage in battle
3. To uphold and advance the national policies and
and support other units and forces in battle. Meeting the
interests of the United States
objectives of this mission requires organization. This
4. To safeguard the internal security of the United
chapter introduces you to naval organization, including
States
the Department of Defense, the Department of the
Navy, a typical unit organization, and the chain of
Figure 6-1 shows how the armed forces fit into the
command.
organization of the DoD to carry out these missions. The
DoD is headed by the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF).
The military departments that come under the DoD are
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
the Department of the Army, the Department of the Air
Learning Objective: When you finish this chapter, you
Force, and the Department of the Navy. Each
will be able to
department has a secretary as the head of department.
By law, these secretaries (Army, Navy, Air Force, and
" Recognize the organization of the Department of
SECDEF) are civilian appointees of the President. The
Defense (DoD) to include the Department of the
Secretary of the Navy (SECNAV) heads the department
Navy (DoN) and the operating forces.
of which you are a part.
Originally, two executive departments managed the
DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY
armed forces the Department of War and the
Department of the Navy. In 1947, the United States
The mission of the Navy is to maintain, train, and
created the Department of Defense (DoD) as part of its
equip combat-ready naval forces capable of winning
security program by combining these two departments.
wars, deterring aggression, and maintaining freedom of
The DoD consists of various agencies and three military
the seas. The Department of the Navy has two main
departments the Army, Navy, and Air Force. The DoD
objectives:
includes the Joint Chiefs of Staff, which consists of a
1. The first objective is to organize, train, equip,
chairman, the military heads of each department, and
prepare, and maintain the readiness of Navy and
the Commandant of the Marine Corps. The DoD
Marine Corps forces to perform military
maintains and employs the armed forces to carry out the
missions. These forces carry out military
following missions:
missions as directed by the President through
1. To support and defend the Constitution of the
the Secretary of Defense, to the SECNAV, to the
United States against all enemies, foreign and
domestic Navy Department.
6-1
Figure 6-1. Organizational chart of the Department of Defense.
6-2
2. The second objective is to support the Navy and You can find out more about these organizations by
using the Internet. The Internet address is
Marine Corps forces as well as the forces of
www.navy.mil. There, you can connect to a Navy
other military departments. The Department of
organization s homepage.
the Navy supports these forces as directed by the
Secretary of Defense.
Figure 6-3 shows you an overview of the
organization of the DoN. The U.S. Navy was founded
Figure 6-2 shows the basic organization of the DoN.
on 13 October 1775, and the Department of the Navy
The SECNAV is responsible for, and has the authority
was established on 30 April 1798. The Department of
under Title 10 of the United States Code, to conduct all
the Navy has three principal components
the affairs of the Department of the Navy. The SECNAV
has the following responsibilities:
1. The Navy Department, consisting of executive
offices mostly in Washington, D.C.
" Conducts recruiting, organizing, supplying,
2. The operating forces, including the Marine
equipping, training, and mobilizing, and
Corps
demobilizing
3. The Shore Establishment
" Oversees the construction, outfitting, and repair
of naval ships, equipment and facilities In this chapter, you will learn about the operating
forces and shore commands. The reserve components
" Formulates and implements policies and
are part of DoN. In times of war, the U.S. Coast Guard is
programs that are consistent with the national
also a part of the DoN; during peacetime, the U.S. Coast
security policies and objectives established by
Guard is a part of the Department of Transportation.
the President and the Secretary of Defense
The DoN consists of two uniformed Services the
United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps.
Figure 6-2. Organizational chart of the Department of the Navy (DoN).
Student Notes:
6-3
THE OPERATING FORCES
The operating forces (fig. 6-4) consist primarily of
combat and service forces, including several fleets and
the Fleet Marine Forces. They include the Coast Guard
(when operating as a part of the Navy) and other forces
and activities under the command of the Chief of Naval
Operations (CNO). You can get more information on
the operating forces by going to the web page
mentioned above. You ll also learn more about the
operating forces when you complete the Military
Requirements for Petty Officer Third Class,
NAVEDTRA 12024.
THE SHORE ESTABLISHMENT
The shore establishment (fig. 6-5) provides support
to the operating forces (known as the fleet). The support
is in the form of facilities for the repair of machinery and
electronics; communications centers; training areas and
Figure 6-3. Overview of the DoN.
simulators; ship and aircraft repair; intelligence and
meteorological support; storage areas for repair parts,
Figure 6-4. Operating forces.
Student Notes:
6-4
Figure 6-5. Shore establishment.
fuel, and munitions; medical and dental facilities; and Q2. Describe the four missions of the DoD.
air bases. You can learn more about the commands
a.
shown here by going to the Internet web page
mentioned above. Also, you ll learn more about the
Shore Establishment when you complete the Military b.
Requirements for Petty Officer Third Class,
NAVEDTRA 12024.
c.
REVIEW 1 QUESTIONS
d.
Q1. List the three military departments of the
Department of Defense (DoD).
Q3. What are the two main objectives of the Navy?
a.
a.
b.
b.
c.
Student Notes:
6-5
Q4. List the three basic components of the based on the Standard Organization and Regulations of
the U.S. Navy. Aboard ship, this manual is usually
Department of the Navy.
referred to as the Shipboard Organization and
a.
Regulations Manual.
b.
SHIP S/COMMAND S ORGANIZATION
AND REGULATIONS MANUAL
c.
The ship s/command s organization and regula-
tions manual governs the unit s administrative
Q5. The U.S. Coast Guard operates under different
organization (including watches). It governs the coordi-
departments. List the department the Coast
nation of evolutions and emergency procedures and the
Guard operates under in the two conditions
conduct of personnel in the unit. Its purpose is to pro-
shown below.
vide a ready source of information about the duties,
a. Wartime
responsibilities, and authority of unit personnel. Ships/
commands usually require all newly reporting person-
b. Peacetime
nel to read the manual and sign a statement to that effect.
Discussing the organization of every unit in the
Navy would be impossible. Therefore, you will learn
UNIT ORGANIZATION
about a standard shipboard organization and a standard
Learning Objectives: When you finish this chapter,
aircraft squadron organization in this chapter.
you will be able to
REVIEW 2 QUESTIONS
" Recognize the purpose and scope of the
Shipboard Organization and Regulations
Q1. Aboard ship, you can find the ship s organization
Manual.
and regulations in what publication?
" Recall the application of the Standard
Organization and Regulations of the U.S. Navy
to unit organization to include ships /
commands organization and regulations
Q2. List some aspects of a ship s organization that are
manual.
covered by the Standard Organization and
Regulations Manual.
The purpose of a unit s organization is to help
accomplish the mission of that unit. Each unit has its
a.
own mission in support of the overall mission of the
Navy; however, each unit has the same basic
b.
organization. The Standard Organizational and
Regulations of the U.S. Navy, OPNAVINST 3120.32, is
c.
used as a guide for unit organization.
STANDARD ORGANIZATION AND
SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION
REGULATIONS OF THE U.S. NAVY
Learning Objectives: When you finish this chapter,
Standard Organization and Regulations of the U.S.
you will be able to
Navy describes the many aspects of the standard unit
organization. Each unit in the Navy has a " Recall shipboard organization to include battle
ship s/command s organization and regulations manual organization and administrative organization.
Student Notes:
6-6
Look at figure 6-6. Each ship is organized into at
" Identify the duties and responsibilities of the
least five departments navigation, engineering,
commanding officer, executive officer,
operations, supply, and a fifth department. For most
department head, and division officer.
ships, the fifth department is the weapons/deck
department. Some ships have a separate deck
The officers and enlisted personnel make up a ship s
department in addition to a weapons department, and
wartime organization. They keep the ship in a state of
some have a deck department instead of a
readiness to fight a war. During peacetime operations,
weapons/deck department. Specially designated
the ship s organization can be expanded if a wartime
ships have a combat systems department instead of a
operation becomes necessary. The two elements of the
weapons or weapons/deck department. Additional
ship s organization are the battle organization and the
departments may be assigned according to ship type.
administrative organization.
Some of these departments are air, medical, dental,
and repair.
THE BATTLE ORGANIZATION
Each department is under a department head.
The battle organization contains a list of the
Departments are usually divided into divisions under a
numbers and specialties of the personnel a unit will need
division officer. Each division is subdivided into
to fulfill the wartime missions. The unit s battle
sections, usually under senior petty officers. The
organization depends on its armament, equipment, and
following paragraphs describe the responsibilities of
personnel. As a part of the battle organization, you
the five standard departments.
should know your assignments as posted on the Watch,
Navigation Department
Quarter, and Station Bill.
The navigation department is responsible for the
THE ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION
safe navigation and piloting of the ship. It is responsible
for the operation, care, and maintenance of navigation
The administrative organization makes sure that the
equipment, charts, publications, and records.
ship can fight or carry out its mission. Training,
maintenance, and routine operations are covered by the
Operations Department
administrative organization. The commanding officer
(CO) is the head of the organization. He/she is assisted
The operations department has several divisions to
by the executive officer (XO) and other officers. carry out tasks such as collecting and evaluating combat
Figure 6-6. Typical ship organizational chart.
Student Notes:
6-7
and operational information and conducting electronic 1. Surface combatants (ships) using ordnance (gun
warfare. Other tasks involve gathering and analyzing
batteries, torpedoes, missiles, and so forth) have
intelligence information, repairing electronic
a weapons department, headed by a weapons
equipment, controlling aircraft, and forecasting
officer.
weather. The operations department is usually in charge
2. Surface combatants (ships) with complex
of all the radar, sonar, and communications equipment
on the ship. The combat information center (CIC) is part combat systems and some classes of submarines
of the operations department.
have combat systems departments, headed by
combat systems officers.
Supply Department
3. Ships with offensive capabilities unrelated to
The supply department has many responsibilities.
ordnance have a deck department, headed by
Some of these are
the first lieutenant.
" Operating the general mess, including preparing
4. Aircraft carriers and some other ships have a
and serving food.
weapons or combat systems department in
addition to a deck department.
" Operating the ship s store, which provides
personal articles for the ship s crew.
In ships that have a weapons department or combat
systems department, the weapons or combat systems
" Managing the clothing and small stores issue
room, where crew members may buy uniform officer is responsible for
items.
" The operation, care, and maintenance of the
" Maintaining the pay records of the crew (done by ship s armament and the weapons fire-control
the disbursing office). equipment.
" Ordering and receiving general stores, supplies, " The care, handling, stowage, accountability, and
spare parts, and equipment for the ship. In fact, issue of ammunition and pyrotechnics.
just about everything that comes aboard the ship,
" The maintenance of magazines and the external
other than people, is ordered by the supply
security of the ship.
department.
" If the ship doesn t have an air department the
Engineering Department
weapons department is responsible for
The engineering department, under the engineer
The launch and recovery of assigned aircraft
officer, is responsible for the operation, care, and
" If the ship doesn t have a deck department, the
maintenance of all propulsion and auxiliary machinery.
weapons department is responsible for
It is responsible for the control of damage resulting from
fire, explosion, collision, and so forth. The engineering
The preservation and cleanliness of the
department provides power, light, ventilation, heat,
external areas of the ship not assigned to other
refrigeration, compressed air, and freshwater
departments.
throughout the ship. The engineer officer may have
The operation of the paint, sail, and
several assistants, such as the main propulsion assistant,
boatswains lockers and inspection and
the damage control assistant, and the electrical officer.
maintenance of survival equipment.
Weapons/Deck/Combat Systems Department
All decking seamanship operations and the
care and use of deck equipment.
The fifth department of ship s administrative
organization varies. Some of the departments are listed " If the ship has a deck department but no weapons
below. or combat systems department
Student Notes:
6-8
The first lieutenant (head of the deck efficiency, responsibility, and discipline, the
commanding officer must have the power to enforce
department) is responsible for deck functions.
prompt obedience to orders. According to the Uniform
" If the ship has a combat systems department but
Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), the commanding
no deck department officer has the power to impose limited punishment.
This power is a part of a CO s command responsibility
The operations department is responsible for
and may not be delegated.
deck functions.
Since the ship has only one CO but many crew
COMMANDING OFFICER members, a senior enlisted member gives advice on
enlisted policies and informs the CO about the health,
The commanding officer (CO) has many and varied
welfare, and general well-being of the crew. The senior
duties. The CO has so many duties that one entire
enlisted member acts as a liaison between the officer
chapter in Navy Regulations, consisting of nearly 70
and enlisted community. The senior enlisted member
articles, applies to commanding officers. In general, the
assigned to assist the CO is a master chief, a senior
CO is responsible for the safety, well-being, and
chief, or a chief petty officer (depending on the senior
efficiency of the command.
rate within the command). This person receives
assignment as the command master chief (CM/C),
The commanding officer s responsibilities include
command senior chief (CS/C), or command chief
the safe navigation of the ship and the condition and
(CCh). This senior enlisted member transmits ideas
appearance of the material and personnel. The CO
and recommendations directly to the commanding
must also ensure the proper stationing of trained
lookouts and the preparation of the ship for battle. The officer.
CO may delegate authority in these matters, but such
If the CO is absent, disabled, relieved from duty, or
delegation does not relieve the CO of responsibility.
detached without relief, another officer must assume the
The officer of the deck (OOD), for example, has
CO s responsibilities. This person is the next senior line
authority to run the ship; but if a collision occurs, the
officer that is eligible for command at sea, and who is
CO is still responsible.
attached to and aboard the ship. In most cases, this
The commanding officer must exert every effort to person is the executive officer.
maintain the command in a state of maximum readiness
EXECUTIVE OFFICER
for war. The commanding officer issues the necessary
directions to the executive officer (XO). With the
The executive officer (XO) is the aide or
assistance of the various department heads, the XO then
executive to the commanding officer. The XO is
prepares and conducts exercises and drills needed to
usually the next ranking line officer aboard ship. As
prepare the ship for battle.
such, the XO is the direct representative of the
During combat, the commanding officer directs the commanding officer in maintaining the general
members of the crew in fighting to the best of their efficiency of the ship. Some of the XO s responsibilities
ability until action is complete. The CO s battle station include the following:
is where the CO can best direct the fighting. If the ship
" The command s assigned personnel. With the
should sink, both custom and regulations require the
help of department heads, the XO arranges and
commanding officer to assure the completion of
coordinates all ship s work, drills, exercises, and
abandon ship procedures. All personnel should be off
policing and inspecting the ship.
the ship before the commanding officer leaves.
The CO s power is authoritative and complete. With " Investigate matters affecting the discipline and
ultimate responsibility for the ship and everything conduct of the crew and makes recommen-
pertaining to it, the commanding officer must have dations concerning these matters to the
authority equal to the responsibility. To ensure commanding officer.
Student Notes:
6-9
access to the CO and is the voice of all enlisted
" Approve or disapprove liberty lists and leave
personnel.
requests.
In addition to these assistants, the executive officer
" Inspect the ship and receive readiness reports
may also have a legal officer, combat cargo officer,
from the various department heads when the ship
safety officer, and others as required. The
is cleared for action; then report to the CO when
master-at-arms force also works directly under the
the ship is ready for action.
executive officer.
If the captain is disabled during battle, the XO
DEPARTMENT HEAD
normally becomes the acting commanding officer. For
this reason, the location of the XO s battle station
As the representative of the commanding officer,
(determined by the captain) is some distance from the
the department head is responsible for and reports to the
captain s. This prevents disablement of both officers at
CO about all matters that affect the department. That
the same time.
includes administrative matters, the operational
readiness of the department, and the general condition
After a battle, the executive officer makes a detailed
of equipment.
report to the commanding officer.
If the XO cannot fulfill the duties of the
DIVISION OFFICER
commanding officer, normally, the next senior line
officer assigned to the ship assumes the duties of the The division is the basic unit of the shipboard
commanding officer. organization. The CO assigns division officers to
command the divisions of the ship s organization.
Depending on the size of the ship, the executive
Division officers are responsible to and, in general, act
officer may have one or more assistants. Some of these
as assistants to department heads.
assistants and their responsibilities are as follows:
The number of divisions in a department varies
Personnel officer. The personnel officer assigns
among ships, with each division having only a few
personnel to the various departments, berthing
assigned personnel to as many as 200 personnel. The
arrangements, and to the task of maintaining enlisted
division officer is a major link in your chain of
service records.
command, particularly in a small ship. At the working
Training officer. The training officer secures level, the division officer carries out command policies
school quotas, schedules orientation courses for newly and personally sees that division tasks are completed in
reporting personnel, and helps prepare long- and a timely manner. Some of the division officer s duties
short-range training schedules. include
Educational services officer (ESO). The
" Making frequent inspections of division
educational services officer (ESO) receipts for,
personnel, spaces, equipment, and supplies
maintains, and distributes educational courses and
" Maintaining copies of all division orders and
training aids.
bills and displaying them in a conspicuous place
Drug and alcohol program advisor (DAPA). The
drug and alcohol program advisor (DAPA) advises the
" Training division personnel and preparing them
CO and XO on all matters concerning the Navy s Drug
for battle
and Alcohol Abuse Program. The DAPA provides
onboard education, prevention, screening, command
counseling, aftercare, probationary supervision,
motivational training, and referral services.
Command master chief (CM/C). While serving
as one of the XO s assistants, the CM/C has direct
Student Notes:
6-10
REVIEW 3 QUESTIONS limited punishment. Can the CO delegate this
particular power?
Q1. List the two elements of a ship s organization.
a.
Q7. What enlisted person transmits ideas and
b.
recommendations directly to the CO?
Q2. List the information contained in elements of a
ship s organization.
Q8. Describe four duties of the XO.
a.
a.
b.
b.
Q3. Briefly describe the responsibility of the five
departments listed below. c.
a. Navigation
d.
b. Operations
Q9. List the XO s assistants.
c. Engineering a.
d. Supply b.
e. Weapons/Deck/Combat Systems c.
Q4. What regulation has an entire chapter covering d.
commanding officer duties?
e.
Q5. Aboard ship, what officer is responsible for the
Q10. What are the responsibilities of the department
safe navigation of the ship, the condition of the
head?
ship, and the appearance of material and
personnel?
Q11. What is the basic unit of a shipboard
organization?
Q6. A CO must have authority equal to
responsibility, including the power to impose
Student Notes:
6-11
Q12. List three division officer duties. officer, department heads, and division officers are the
same in the organization of an aircraft squadron and a
a.
ship.
b. AIRCRAFT SQUADRON DEPARTMENTS
All aircraft squadrons have an administrative
c.
department and a safety department. Most squadrons
also have an operations department and a maintenance
AIRCRAFT SQUADRON department. Some squadrons have one or more
departments in addition to the four already mentioned.
ORGANIZATION
Based on its mission, the squadron may have a training,
Learning Objective: When you finish this chapter, you
a photographic, or an intelligence department.
will be able to
Administrative Department
" Recall aircraft squadron organization to include
squadron departments and branch officer.
The administrative (ADMIN) department is
responsible for all the administrative duties within the
The organization of an aircraft squadron differs in
squadron. This department takes care of official
some ways from that of a ship. Standard Organization
and Regulations of the U.S. Navy specifies the basic correspondence, personnel records, and directives.
Most of the jobs done by the XO s assistants in a
organization required of an aircraft squadron. Figure
6-7 shows a standard organizational chart of an aircraft shipboard organization are done by ADMIN in an
squadron.
aircraft squadron. The first lieutenant and command
career counselor work as members of the ADMIN
Look at figure 6-7 again. As you can see, an aircraft
department. Other parts of the administrative
squadron has different departments than a ship. This is
one of the differences between the organization of an department include the following:
aircraft squadron and a ship. The departments have
" Personnel office
different names and responsibilities. However, the
responsibilities of the commanding officer, executive
" Educational services office
Figure 6-7. Type aircraft squadron organization chart.
Student Notes:
6-12
is the officer with whom you will have the most direct
" Public affairs office
contact.
" Legal office
The branch officer is directly responsible to the
division officer. The branch officer has the same
Safety Department
responsibilities for the branch that the division officer
has for the division.
The safety department is responsible for all
squadron safety program matters. This department is
" Making frequent inspections of branch
usually divided into the following:
personnel, spaces, equipment, and supplies.
" Ground safety.
" Making sure branch tasks are completed in a
timely manner.
" Aviation safety.
" Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures
REVIEW 4 QUESTIONS
Standardization (NATOPS) divisions. (The
NATOPS division makes sure standardized
Q1. List the four departments usually found in an
procedures are followed in the operation of the
aircraft squadron.
squadron s aircraft.)
a.
Operations Department
b.
The operations department is responsible for the
c.
operational readiness and tactical efficiency of the
squadron. The operations department usually consists
d.
of the logs and records, schedules, training,
communications, and navigation divisions.
Q2. The safety department is responsible for the
Maintenance Department
squadron safety program. What are the main
divisions in this department?
The maintenance department is responsible for the
a.
overall maintenance of the squadron s aircraft. The
maintenance department is usually divided into the
b.
following divisions:
" Maintenance/material control
c.
" Quality assurance
Q3. What is the responsibility of the operations
" Maintenance administration department?
" Aircraft, avionics/armament, and airframes
divisions
BRANCH OFFICER
A division on a ship is divided into watches or
sections or both. In an aircraft squadron, the divisions
are divided into branches. Each branch is headed by a
branch officer. In aircraft squadrons, the branch officer
Student Notes:
6-13
RESPONSIBILITY
Q4. List the four divisions of the maintenance
department.
Responsibility requires that an individual be
a.
accountable for the performance of assigned tasks
within an organization. By defining responsibilities, the
chain of command lets its personnel know what their
b.
responsibilities are and what they are expected to do.
The Navy expects its personnel to set good
c.
examples for their shipmates by doing their jobs
quickly, correctly, and neatly. The Navy expects its
d.
members to instill a sense of pride in others to improve
the efficiency of the command.
Q5. The branch officer is responsible to what officer?
ACCOUNTABILITY
Every person in a chain of command is accountable
to someone for professional performance and personal
actions. Accountability is the ability of personnel to
CHAIN OF COMMAND
report, explain, or justify every action taken. They do
this through two types of accountability job
Learning Objectives: When you finish this chapter,
accountability and military accountability.
you will be able to
1. Job accountability means you must answer to
" Identify the purpose of the chain of command to
seniors in the chain of command for the way in
include responsibilities, direction,
which you carry out an assigned task.
communications, and solving work-related
2. Military accountability means you must answer
problems.
to senior military personnel for your personal
" Recognize a typical chain of command.
behavior and military appearance.
The chain of command is the relationship of juniors
DIRECTION
and seniors within an organization. The organizational
charts you have seen in this chapter represent chains of
The chain of command provides direction in the
command.
assignment of duties. All members of the chain of
An effective chain of command is essential for the
command know their specific duties. Seniors assign
Navy to carry out its assigned mission. Good leadership
these duties, and juniors should carry them out to the
is also essential for the Navy s mission. Good
best of their ability.
leadership supports an effective chain of command and
vice versa; neither works well without the other.
COMMUNICATION
The chain of command serves several purposes in
The chain of command provides for smooth, rapid,
the accomplishment of the Navy s mission. It defines
and effective communication. Each person in the chain
responsibilities and identifies accountability. Properly
of command needs to clearly understand his/her status
used, it provides direction and smooth communications
within that chain. Seniors should pass information
and ensures efficiency.
down the chain of command about matters that may
affect juniors. Juniors should pass information up the
chain of command about problems that exist. In this
way, communication flows in both directions.
Student Notes:
6-14
WORK-RELATED PROBLEMS
Work-related problems are situations that affect a
person s job performance. A work-related problem
might be a situation in which a person feels mistreated
by a senior. It could also be a situation in which a person
needs leave or liberty because of an illness in the family.
The chain of command is responsible to each Navy
member for solving work-related problems. When a
person s immediate senior is unable to resolve a
problem, the next senior in the chain of command tries
to solve the problem. If the senior at that level of
command is unable to resolve the problem, it then goes
to the next level in the chain of command. The problem
continues to be referred to each level in the chain of
command until it is resolved. You must always use the
chain of command when seeking solutions to
work-related problems.
Figure 6-8. Typical shipboard chain of command.
TYPICAL CHAIN OF COMMAND
Figure 6-8 shows a typical shipboard, straight-line
chain of command from the nonrated level to the
commanding officer. An aircraft squadron s chain of
command includes a branch officer.
For watch-standing assignments, the chain of
command includes a section leader (not shown). The
section leader may be from your division but often is a
petty officer from another division. The section leader
makes watch assignments for all personnel assigned to
the section. Inform the section leader of situations, such
as leave or special liberty, that affect your availability
for watch assignments.
In most cases, the chain of command shown in
figure 6-8 is complete. However, the chain of command
does not stop with the commanding officer. Remember,
all people in the military are responsible to their
Figure 6-9. Typical chain of command from the CO of a ship
seniors!
to the President.
The chain of command extends from nonrated
from the President to the commanding officer of a ship.
personnel all the way to the President of the United
To learn your chain of command, ask someone in the
States. Figure 6-8 shows the shipboard chain of
command from the nonrated person to the commanding administrative (Admin) office to show you the
officer. Figure 6-9 shows a typical chain of command command s organizational chart.
Student Notes:
6-15
REVIEW 5 QUESTIONS experienced in the performance of assigned duties.
Every level in the chain of command is an integral part
Q1. The chain of command defines the relationship
of a team. Members at each level must do their part to
of juniors and seniors in an organization. List the
make sure their command functions effectively.
five areas that affect the chain of command.
Flight deck operations are a good example of the
a.
effects of proper organization. Ships could never carry
out these operations without superior organization.
b.
Every person knowing where to report, what job to do,
and who to tell when things go wrong that s
c.
organization.
d.
REVIEW 1 ANSWERS
A1. The three military departments of the
e.
Department of Defense (DoD) are the
a. Navy,
Q2. In your organization, you can find out about the
chain of command by asking someone in what
b. Army, and
office?
c. Air Force.
A2. The four missions of the DoD are
SUMMARY
a. To support and defend the Constitution of
Where do I go? What do I do? Who is in charge?
the United States against all enemies,
With the Navy s organizational structure, all personnel,
foreign and domestic
from the CNO to the newest crew member, know what
their job is, where they work, and who their supervisor
b. To ensure the security of the United States,
is. Think about being at sea; its midnight and the general
its possessions, and areas vital to its
alarm sounds. Are the gun mounts manned by personnel
interests
trained to handle them or just by the people that showed
c. To uphold and advance the national
up first? What about the repair lockers, the engine
policies and interests of the United States
rooms, or the bridge?
d.
Without an organization that ensures properly To safeguard the internal security of the
trained personnel manning each billet, our ships could
United States
not be in a continual high state of readiness.
A3. The two main objectives of the Navy are to
What about a problem in the work space? Who do
a. Organize, train, equip, prepare, and
we tell about it? Do we tell the department head or the
maintain the readiness of the Navy and
captain?
Marine corps forces to perform military
Our chain of command works in both directions, up
missions
and down. The upper level keeps us informed of the
b. To support the Navy and Marine Corps
types of operations being conducted and what types of
forces as well as the forces of other military
hazards we face. The people in the lower levels must
keep the upper levels informed of all difficulties departments
Student Notes:
6-16
A4. The three basic components of the Department training, maintenance, and routine
of the Navy are
operations are covered
a. Navy Department A3. The responsibilities of the departments are
a. Navigation Safe navigation and piloting
b. Operating forces
of the ship
b. Operations In charge of all radar, sonar,
c. Shore Establishment
and communications equipment on the
ship. Operations collects and evaluates
A5. The U.S. Coast Guard operates under the
combat and operational information and
following two departments:
conducts electronic warfare
a. Wartime Department of the Navy
c. Engineering Operation, care, and
b. Peacetime Department of Transportation maintenance of all propulsion and
auxiliary machinery
d. Supply Operates the general mess and
REVIEW 2 ANSWERS
ship s store; manages clothing and small
stores issue room; maintains pay records;
A1. Aboard ship, the ship s organization and
and orders and receives general stores,
regulations can be found in a publication known
supplies, spare parts, and ship s equipment
as the Shipboard Organization and Regulations
Manual, which is based on the Standard
e. Weapons/Deck/Combat Systems Respon-
Organization and Regulations of the U.S.
sibilities depend on type of ship.
Navy.
1) Weapons department or combat systems
A2. Some aspects of a ship s organization covered by
department Operation, care, and
the Shipboard Organization and Regulations
maintenance of ships armament and
Manual include
weapons fire-control equipment
a. Unit s admin organization, including 2) Deck department Responsible for deck
watches
functions
b. Coordination of evolutions and emergency A4. The Navy Regs has an entire chapter covering
procedures commanding officer duties.
c. Conduct of personnel A5. Aboard ship, the commanding officer is
responsible for the safe navigation of the ship,
the condition of the ship, and the appearance of
REVIEW 3 ANSWERS material and personnel.
A6. A CO has authority equal to responsibility,
A1. The two elements of a ship s organization are
including the power to impose limited
the
punishment. This power can t be delegated.
a. Battle organization
A7. The senior enlisted person transmits ideas and
recommendations directly to the CO.
b. Administration organization
A8. Duties of the XO include
A2. The information contained in the
a. Arranging and coordinating ship/s work,
drills, exercises, and policing and
a. Battle organization includes the numbers
inspecting the ship
and specialties the unit needs to fulfill its
wartime missions
b. Investigating matters affecting crew
discipline and conduct. Making
b. Administration organization makes sure the
ship can fight or carry out its mission; recommendations to CO on these matters
6-17
c. Approving/disapproving liberty lists and A2. The safety department is usually divided into
leave requests
a. Ground safety
d. Inspecting the ship and receiving readiness
reports from department heads; reporting b. Aviation safety
to the CO when the ship is ready for action
c. Naval Air Training and Operating
A9. Assistants to the XO include
Procedures Standardization (NATOPS)
a. Personnel officer
A3. The operations department is responsible for the
operational readiness and tactical efficiency
b. Training officer
of the squadron.
c. Educational services officer (ESO) A4. The four divisions of an aircraft maintenance
department are the
d. Drug and alcohol program advisor (DAPA)
a. Maintenance/material control
e. Command master chief (CM/C)
b. Quality assurance
A10. The department head is responsible for and
c. Maintenance administration
reports to the CO on matters that affect his/her
department including administrative
d. Aircraft, avionics/armament, and
matters, operational readiness, and general
airframes divisions
condition of the equipment.
A5. The branch officer is responsible to the division
A11. The division is the basic unit of a shipboard
officer.
organization.
A12. Division officer duties include
REVIEW 5 ANSWERS
a. Inspecting division personnel, spaces,
A1. The five areas that affect the chain of command
equipment, and supplies
are
b. Maintaining copies of division orders and
a. Responsibility
bills and displaying them in conspicuous
places
b. Accountability
c. Training division personnel and preparing
them for battle
c. Direction
REVIEW 4 ANSWERS
d. Communication
A1. The four departments usually found in aircraft
e. Work-related problems
squadrons include
a. Administration
A2. In your organization, you can find out about the
chain of command by asking someone in the
b. Safety administration office.
c. Operations
d. Maintenance
6-18
CHAPTER COMPREHENSIVE TEST
6. What is the purpose of the Shore
1. Which of the following is NOT a DoD
Establishment?
military department?
1. A last line of defense
1. Army
2. To provide support to the operating forces
2. Coast Guard
3. To provide a supply line
3. Navy
4. To support the front line
4. Air Force
7. Aboard ship, what publication contains
2. By law, what person heads the Department of
information about the ship s organization?
the Navy (DoN)?
1. Standard Organization and Regulations of
1. Secretary of Defense
the U.S. Navy only
2. Joint Chief of Staff
2. Shipboard Organization and Regulations
3. Secretary of the Navy
Manual only
3. Title 10 of the U.S. Code states that which of
3. Standard Organization and Regulations of
the following actions is/are part of the Navy s
the U.S. Navy and Shipboard Organization
mission?
and Regulations Manual
4. Uniform Code of Military Justice
1. Oversee construction, outfitting, and repair
of naval ships, equipment, and facilities
8. A ready source of information about the
2. Station troops in forward positions
duties, responsibilities, and authority of
3. Commands U.S. forces in CONUS
personnel assigned to a ship is stated in which
4. Commander and chief of all sea commands
of the following documents?
4. What are the three principal components of
1. United States Navy Regulations
the DoN?
2. Watch, Quarter, and Station Bill
1. The Navy Department executive offices,
3. Standard Organization and Regulations
the operating forces including the Marine
Manual
Corps, and the Shore Establishment
4. Ship s organization and regulations manual
2. The Navy Department executive offices,
9. What are the two elements of a ship s
the operating forces excluding the Marine
organization?
Corps, and the Shore Establishment
3. The Navy Department excluding the
1. Battle organization and damage control
executive offices, the operating forces
organization
excluding the Marine Corps, and the Shore
2. Battle organization and administrative
Establishment
organization
4. The Navy Department excluding the
3. Administrative organization and training
executive offices, the operating forces
organization
including the Marine Corps, and the fleet 4. Administrative organization and damage
commands control organization
5. The operating forces are under the command 10. Each ship is organized into what minimum
of the number of departments?
1. Secretary of Defense 1. Five
2. Secretary of the Navy 2. Two
3. Chief of Naval Operations 3. Three
4. Chief of Naval Personnel 4. Four
6-19
11. Which of the following is a responsibility of 17. Of the following duties, which is NOT one of
the executive officer s?
the operations department?
1. Assignment of personnel
1. Piloting the ship
2. Coordination of ship s drills
2. Forecasting weather
3. Assignment of punishment to offenders
3. Conducting and analyzing intelligence
4. Coordination of policing and inspection of
information
the ship
4. Both 2 and 3 above
18. If the executive officer becomes incapacitated,
12. The damage control assistant is a member of
what person normally takes over his/her
what department on a ship?
duties?
1. Deck
1. The next senior line officer assigned to the
2. Supply
ship
3. Operations
2. An officer appointed by the ship s captain
4. Engineering
3. The next senior staff officer on board
13. If a ship doesn t have a deck department, what
4. The first lieutenant
department is responsible for inspection and
19. For what reason do commanding officers and
maintenance of survival equipment?
executive officers usually have separate battle
stations aboard ship?
1. Supply
2. Weapons
1. To decrease the likelihood of their being
3. Navigation
disabled at the same time
4. Engineering
2. To maintain a high degree of control over
personnel
14. Which of the following officers is ultimately
3. To provide maximum coordination of
responsible for the safe navigation of the ship?
operations throughout the ship
4. To divide the areas of responsibility
1. Navigator
between the executive officer and the
2. Operations officer
commanding officer
3. Executive officer
4. Commanding officer
20. The department head is responsible for which
of the following functions within a
15. When a ship is abandoned, custom and
department?
regulation require which of the following
1. General condition of equipment
actions by the commanding officer?
2. Administrative matters
1. To be the first person to leave the ship
3. Operational readiness of the department
2. To be the last person to leave the ship
4. All of the above
3. To exert every effort to destroy the ship
21. The division officer has the responsibility of
before it sinks
carrying out which of the following duties?
4. To inform all personnel that they are on
their own
1. Making frequent inspections of division
spaces, equipment, personnel, and supplies
16. What is the function of the command master
2. Maintaining copies of division orders and
chief?
bills and displaying them conspicuously
1. To take charge of and be responsible for
3. Training division personnel and preparing
the training of enlisted personnel
them for battle
2. To assign enlisted personnel to their duties
4. Each of the above
according to their qualification
3. To relieve the commanding officer of the
responsibility for the welfare and morale
of enlisted personnel
4. To transmit ideas and recommendations
directly to the commanding officer
6-20
22. Most of the jobs that are done by the XO s 25. What is meant by effective communications in
assistants aboard ship are the responsibility of the chain of command?
what department in an aircraft squadron?
1. The ability to speak clearly
1. Administrative department 2. The use of proper terminology
2. Maintenance department 3. The proper use of reports, messages, and
3. Operations department other types of correspondence
4. Safety department 4. The action of seniors informing juniors
about matters that affect the juniors, and
23. Which of the following is a responsibility of
the action of juniors informing seniors of
the operations department of an aircraft
existing problems
squadron?
26. You need help in solving a work-related
1. Overall maintenance of the ship s aircraft
problem. Which of the following personnel
2. Operational readiness and tactical
should contact first?
efficiency
3. Squadron safety program 1. Your supervisor
4. All of the above 2. Your department head
3. Your division officer
24. Which of the following is the definition of the
4. Your executive officer
term job accountability?
1. Taking command under duress
2. Accepting credit for your job
3. Answering to seniors in the chain of
command for the way you do your job
4. Answering only for personal mistakes
6-21
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