hy are there so many materials?

Thousands of different materials are used to make millions of things. This is because all materials have strengths and weaknesses. Wood is good for building a fence but not for making clothes; rubber is perfect for making a car’s tires but not its wheels.

Each materiał is chosen because it has the right properties for the job that it has to do.

01

Load iron ore, coke (from coal), limestone, and dolomite into a blast furnace. Heat them to make molten iron.

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An alloY '^{s a} * _metals or ^meta'T A?oys us_Ua"V ^have

lonmetals. ^ A_es from the different prop _contain. Materials tPatthV._sanall0V Forexamp'e,s ® _neither0f that is ^stroA_hat it contains-«^matS'^oa*on.

4

Pour the molten iron into a Basic Oxygen Furnace and add scrap Steel, to produce molten Steel.

Bulletproof

Glass that is able to stop a bullet, madę from layers of compressed laminated glass.

Alloys list

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There are many varieties of alloys, which are madę from mixtures of materials.

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copper and zinc

bronze

copper and tin

Laminated

Glass madę from a sheet of elear plastic glued between two sheets of glass.

cupronickel    copper and nickel

conel    iron, nickel, and chromium

stainless Steel

iron, carbon, and chromium

Steel

iron and carbon

Glass wool

An insulating materiał with a fluffy, woolly texture madę from glass fi bers.

sterling silver silver and copper

RECORD

breaker

The strongest known materiał is called 9raphene. It is 200 timp stronger than steel and is blade of carbon.

pewter

tin, lead, and copper

Metals are extracted from rocks called ores that

Lead crystal

Glass that contains lead, giving it a sparkling appearance for glassware.

Stained

Colored glass madę into pictures and patterns for Windows and ornaments.

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Raw materials are

and hemp.

are dug out of the Earth.

An ore called bauxite contains aluminum, while

1

chalcocite is an ore that contains copper. An ore has to be processed—often by using heat and Chemicals— to get the metal out.

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