30499 netter3
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
On>anization of the Brain: Celi Types
Multipolar (pyramidal) celi of cerebral motor cortex
Astrocyte •
Striated I somatic), musde
• Interneurons ■Blood vessel
Bipolar celi of cranial i Unipolar celi of sensory ganglia of cranial nn.
Satellite cells Schwann celi
'Motor z endplate Multipolar somatic motor celi of nudei
of cranial nn.-1
Multipolar celi y of lower brain / motor centers ' ,
• Interneuron
Free nerve endings (unmyelinated fibers) Encapsulated ending Specializcd ending Musde spindle Unipolar sensory celi of dorsal spinał root ganglion Satellite cells
Oligodendrocyte Corticospinal (pyramidal) fiber Ax«xJendritic ending Axosomatic ending Axoaxonic ending Multipolar somatic motor cellof anterior horn of spinał cord
Collateral
Renshaw interneuron
. k -
Myelinated somatic motor fiber of spinał nerve-
/ ^ Astrocyte * Multipolar visceral motor (autonomie) celi of spinał cord
Autonomie preganglionic (sympathetic or para-sympathetic) nerve fiber Myelin sheath Autonomie postganglionic neuron of sympathetic or parasympathetic ganglion Satellite cells
Unmyelinated nerve fiber Schwann cells
Myelinated afferent filier of spinał nerve
Myelin sheath
Red: Motor neuron Blue: Sensory neuron Purple: Interneuron Cray: Glial and
neurilemmal cells and myelin Notę: Cercbellar cells not shown here
Myelin sheath
Motor endplate with Schwann celi cap
' voiir'ur\
'Endings on cardiac muscle or nodal cells
Beadeti V varicosities ^ and endings on smooth musde
Unmyelinated fibers Encapsulated ending
and gland cells
Figurę 2.2 Organization or the Brain: Cell Types
Neurons form the functional cellular units responsible for communication, and throughout the nervous system, they are characterized by their distinctive size and shapes (e.g.. bipolar, unipolar, multipolar). Supporting cells indude the neuroglia (e.g..
asirocytes, oligodendrocytes), satellite cells, and other specialized cells thal optimize neuronal function, provide maintenance func-tions, or protect the nervous system.
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