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The Basques, the Franco Years and Beyond

Autorzy Robert P. Clark

Wynik 10 z 31 w tej książce dla zapytania guardia civil ETA - < Poprzednia Następna > - Wyświetl wszystko    Wyczyść wyszukiwanie [xj U

dii cnines in Dpam, ” oom pouncai anu nonpouucai, a percen-tage much morę nearly in accord with the proportion of Basques in the total Spanish population (6.9 percent in 1970).

During 1975, two States of exception were declared. The first, which lasted from April 25 to July 25, affected only the four Basque provinces. The second, which lasted from August 22 to Franco's death, on November 20, covered Spain in its entirety. This entire period was especially noteworthy for the level of violence, both official and that emanating from extra-legal vigilante groups. In a rather sad way, the spasm of violence during 1975 symbolized the agonizing end of the Franco period in Spanish history.

The first State of exception stemmed from a wave of bank robberies, Street shootings and assassinations in the Basque

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provinces during early spring. The police and the Guardia Civil, now unfettered by the state of exception declaration, sought to suppress not only the violence but all popular support for expressions of Basque separatism. During the first month of the exception decree, 198 persons were arrested in Vizcaya province alone, not counting an unknown number of in-dividuals who had been taken to police headquarters or Guardia Civil barracks for interroeation and eventual release with-

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The Basques, the Franco Years and Beyond

Autorzy Robert P. Clark guardia civil ETA Wyszukaj

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province aione, not counnng an unknown numoer or m-dividuals who had been taken to police headquarters or Guardia Civil barracks for interrogation and eventual release with-out charges.¹⁸ Police roamed at will throughout the major cities in the Basque provinces, stopping ordinary citizens in public places to request documentation about place of residence or work location. Young people gathered in bars or restaurants were singled out for special attention, and police frequently raided these sites to seek out ETA members or other political activists. According to one source, morę than 150 Basques fled into France to avoid these searches and arrests.¹⁹

A number of priests with alleged ties to ETA were arrested and detained for long periods without charges. Six priests were arrested near Bilbao in May and tortu red savagely to extract confessions that they had sheltered ETA militants in their churches or homes. One priest, Father Eustaquio

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2015-04-24

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