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Michał PTAK
energy package targets are only of secondary importance. The most important objective of the support is to reduce so called “Iow emission” that is particulate emissions from burning Iow ąuality coal in local boilers and in individual households. The use of renewable energy sources in buildings for heating and for domestic hot water generation and thermomodemisation have the highest positive impact on air quality improvement, in particular in urban areas (Fundeko Korbel, Krok-Baściuk Sp. J. 2014).
4. Support for renewables offered under the JESSICA initiativ e
A JESSICA initiative (Joint European Support for Sustainable Investment in City Areas) is developed by the European Commission in co-operation with the European Investment Bank and the Council of Europę Development Bank. It supports sustainable urban development projects through financial engineering instruments which are delivered via urban development funds and, if reąuired, holding funds. Financial engineering instruments may take the form of equity, loans and/or guarantees. Provision of repayable assistance fills the gap between assistance provided through grants and commercial credits. Projects that receive JESSICA financing may include management and promotion of heritage or cultural sites, redevelopment of brownfield sites and energy efficiency improvements (Cyprus joins forces with the EIB for sustainable city development; JESSICA Joint European Support for Sustainable Investment...; What is JESSICA?). The projects should generate retums and be included in integrated plans for sustainable urban development that is operational or strategie documents such as urban areas’ revitalization programmes, sustainable energy action plans or energy supply plans.
In Poland a JESSICA initiative was implemented at the regional level within regional operational programmes. There were only five Marshall Offices which decided to join the scheme.1 The conditions of the loans were as follows:
• Loans could be provided even for 100% of the total eligible project cost.
• Loan repayment period was 20 years.
• Loan interest ratę was the National Bank of Poland’s reference ratę9. The interest ratę could be reduced if a project has a positive social impact (O JESSICA).
136
Mazowieckie, pomorskie, śląskie, wielkopolskie and zachodniopomorskie voivodships.
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