372595864

JPRS-UMS-92-003 16 March 1992

ANALYSIS, TESTING

UDC 620.178.38

[Abstract] The shortcomings of traditional approaches to describing the crack growth process are outlined and an approach based on the assumption that the crack growth ratę (s.r.t.) under combined static and slow cyclical loading is a function of partial corrosion growth rates of the individual creep and fatigue conditions is proposed. Stress relaxation curves at the crack apex are plotted in the cases whcre the stcady-state stress is lower and higher than the long-term strength and the stress distribution in the crack cross section is cxamined. Criterial relations are derived for the steady-state stress near the crack apex and creep tests of high-temperature aluminum alloy AK4-141 and nickel-based alloy KhN45MVTYuBR are conducted to check them. Crack growth curves in sam-ples from the AK4-141 and KhN45MVTYuBR alloys are plotted. A procedurę for calculating the notch sensi-tivity index of a slab with a central crack under the conditions of long-term static loading which makes it possible to determine the magnitude of local steady-state stress near the crack apex at the end of the re!axation process is proposed. The results also make it possible to conclude that the criterion of slow crack growth (or lack thereof) under creep conditions has been experimentally corroborated. Figures 3; references 13: 11 Russian; 2 Western.

Computer-Aided Complex for High-Temperature X-Ray Studies

927D0081J Moscow ZA VODSKA YA LABORA TORIYA in Russian Vol 57 No 12, Dec 91 pp 32-33 [Article by A.V. Terukov, O.M. Ivasishin, I.A. Zabelina, A.M. Kats, V.V. Petkov, Institute of Physics of Metals at the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kiev]

UDC 539.26.65.011.56

[Abstract] The difficulties of investigating the phase transformations occurring during he continuous heating of steels and alloys by conventional methods of X-ray diffractometry with the help of a DRON unit with a point detector and a high-temperature adapter chamber due to the noninstantencous recording exposure are outlined and it is shown that the recording exposure may be shortcncd considerably by using a linear coordinate detector contained in the commercial RKD-1-01 system if its diffraction angle recording rangę of 5° is widened. An attempt to widen the diffraction angle recording rangę by recording several successive diffraction pattem scgmcnts on magnetic tape and subsequently outputting them to a plotter is reported and a computer-aided system developed for this purpose is described. The system uses an Iskra-1256 Computer and a new applica-tion software package. The system architecture is cited and diffraction pattems of hardened titanium alloy VT23 are plotted. Each frame has an 80 s exposure. The proposed complex makes it possible to shorten the recording time considerably and automate the cxpcri-mental data collection and Processing. Figures 2; references 3.

Identification of Microscopic Co Quantities in SKD-KP Butadiene Rubber by Atomie Absorption Method

927D0081I Moscow ZA VODSKA YA LABORA TORIYA in Russian Vol 57 No 12, Dec 91 pp 22-23

[Article by Ye.M. Volchikhina, A.P. Garshin, V.V. Krivoshein, All-Union Science Research Institute of Synthetic Rubber imeni Academician S.V. Lebedev, Voronezh]

UDC 543.422:546.73

[Abstract] The use of the atomie absorption analysis of butadiene rubber for microscopic quantities of cobalt which makes it possible to measure the Co concentration within a 10'⁴-10‘³% by mass both during the production process and in the ready product is reported. SKD-L250 rubber (containing no cobalt) produced with a lithium catalyst and SKD-KP rubber produced with a cobalt catalyst are analyzed in an AAS-IN atomie absorption spectrophotometer (Carl Zeiss Jena). The optimum pho-tometry conditions which ensure a high sensitivity and reproducibility of the results are determined and the reagents, Solutions, and analytical procedurę are described in detail. The results of an analysis of artificial mixtures of rubber with cobalt nitrate and the materiał balance of the cobalt distribution in water-flushed SKD-KP rubber are summarized. Data of statistical Processing at a 0.95 confidence level are cited. The proposed technique is sufficiently simple and together with sample preparation, takes only 2 h. Tables 3; references 5.

Atomie Absorption Identification of Impurities in Chromium (III) Chloride

927D0081H Moscow ZA VODSKA YA LABORATORIYA in Russian Vol 57 No 12, Dec 91

pp 21-22

[Article by D.I. Kurbatov, G.A. Bolshakova, G.A. Nikitina, Chemistry Institute at the Urals Department of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Sverdlovsk]

UDC 543.422:546.76

[Abstract] The difficulties of identifying chromium (III) chloride used as catalysts in making low-pressure poly-ethylene are noted and the developmcnt of a new tech-nique for determining the mass fraction of Fe, Co, Cu, Mn, Al, Ca, and Mg impurities in chromium (III) chloride without separating it from the base is reported. The study is performed in a mod. 503 Perkin-Elmer atomie absorption spectrophotometer and shows that the use of polyatomic alcohols for dissolving chromium (III) chloride produces satisfactory results. The analytical procedurę is described in detail and mass fractions of impurity