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Designing Low Gas Flow Meters Based on the Calometric Principle...

Device the most commonly used principle to detect flow in gases and liąuids using microsensors is based on the concept of a thermal flow sensor that was first postulated by Thomas in 1911. The basie principle is shown in Fig. 1 in which the heat transferred per unit time from a resistive wire heater to a moving liąuid is monitored at two points via thermocouple temperaturę sensors [1],

THOMAS CYLINDER DESIGN

The developed Thomas cylinder (TC), used for measuring the flow ratę of gaseous fluid, is a device using calorimetric principle of flow ratę measuring (Fig. 1).

The most important element of TC is a kanthal coil with reguladable output providing energy input to the flowing fluid by transforming electrical energy into heat.

Sensing element of the device consists of the concentrically situated thermocouples which are placed in the specified distances from the electric coil.

Figurę 1. 3D view of finał Thomas cylinder design Slika 1. 3D prikaz konstrukcije Thomasova eilindra

When a steady State has been achieved, the transferred amount of heat to the flowing medium (nitrogen) by the electric coil (Kanthal resistance wire) with a thickness of 0.5 mm may be expressed by the foli owi ng equation

Q = m-c_r-{T₂-T,) (J)    (1)

where are:

w - the mass of the gas overflow through TC (kg),

c_p - heat capacity of gas at constant pressure (J-kg^-K'¹),

T\ - inlet temperaturę of TC (K), r₂ - outlet temperaturę of TC (K)

The Holłstic Approach to Environment 1(2011)4,153-162 Page 154

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